Purpose: This study aimed at exploring the product choice tendency differences between the consciousness and unconsciousness of goal orientation when product attributes is perceived to be compatible with the goal orientation. Research design, data and methodology: Empirical study used a 2 (goal conscious vs. unconscious) × 3 (hedonic vs. performance vs. reliability attribute) between-subjects design and one control group. To verify hypotheses, χ²-test was conducted to 320 questionnaire data answered by undergraduate students of Jiangxi Normal University in China. Results: First, consumers under unconscious condition showed a higher product choice consistency based on compatibility between hedonic (performance) attribute of the product and their hedonic (performance) promotion goal-orientation than those under the conscious condition. Second, product choice effects of compatibility between reliability attribute of the product and prevention goal orientation were not significantly different between consumers' consciousness and unconsciousness of their prevention goal orientation. Conclusions: Marketers of 'under dog' should try to develop and deliver the product attributes different from the attributes of 'top dog.' And the 'top dog' marketers should help their customers to avoid the conflicts by developing the environment of inducing their goal orientation unconsciously. Brand marketers should always pay attention to the reliability attributes concerned with the prevention goal orientation.

The goal of this work was to clarify the mechanism of action of Lactobacillus casei on genipin in triggering glioma apoptosis. DPPH and ABTS free radicals could be successfully eliminated by geniposide, LC-NBRC101979 (Lactobacillus casei), and geniposide + LC-NBRC101979. Geniposide and LC-NBRC101979 had effects that were stronger when combined than when taken alone. Geniposide, LC-NBRC101979, and Geniposide + LC-NBRC101979 did not have any detrimental effects on healthy epithelial cells HBE, but they greatly decreased the growth of U87 glioma cells, according to cell studies. Additionally, the combination of geniposide and LC-NBRC101979 had a stronger inhibitory impact than either drug alone. Results from qPCR revealed that in U87 cells, geniposide, LC-NBRC101979, and eniposide + LC-NBRC101979 could up-regulate caspase-3, COX-2, p53, c-myc, p21 mRNA expression and down-regulate Bcl-2, NF-κB expression. According to the results of the study on the effects of oxidative stress on cells, geniposide, LC-NBRC101979, and geniposide combined with LC-NBRC101979 can decrease the levels of MDA, LDH, and NO in normally damaged epithelial cells caused by oxidative stress and increase the levels of CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC. According to HPLC data, LC-NBRC101979 was able to convert the majority of geniposide into geniposide. It is clear that LC-NBRC101979 may enhance geniposide's inhibitory impact on glioma.

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Ti 3 SiC 2 /Al 2 O 3 composites have attracted attention due to their excellent mechanical and electromagnetic properties, but the high temperatures (≥ 1400 ℃) required for the densification of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) leads to the decomposition of Ti 3 SiC 2 . To address this issue, Ti 3 (Si x Al 1−x )C 2 /Al 2 O 3 (x represents the Si content) composites were synthesized for the first time via hot-pressing (HP) sintering and current-assisted sintering (CAS) of mixed Ti 3 AlC 2 and silicon monoxide (SiO) powders at 1300 and 1200 ℃, respectively. Both approaches produced composites with x values greater than 0.9, indicating that the compositions of the prepared composites were similar to those of Ti 3 SiC 2 /Al 2 O 3 composites. The synthetic mechanism involved substitution and continuous interdiffusion of Al and Si atoms. The composite prepared by CAS at 1200 ℃ was compacted, whereas the composite prepared by HP had a low density. The low-temperature densification mechanism is attributed to the combined effects of amorphous SiO, liquid Al, and the high heating rates for CAS. The flexural strength and hardness of the composite prepared by CAS were also comparable to those of compacted Ti 3 SiC 2 /Al 2 O 3 composites.

The impact of urban built environment on residents' travel behavior, especially car commuting, is a basic topic of traffic demand forecasting, which has received considerable research attention. Existing studies mainly focused on single trips and paid less attention to the collaborative decision making under the influence of trip chains. By using the logistic model and detailed activity diary data collected in Guangzhou City in 2017, this study investigated the relationship between urban built environment and car commuting on weekdays from the trip chain perspective. Empirical results indicate that there is an interactive relationship between non-commuting trip in the trip chain and the built environment of the workplace and residence, which synergistically affects residents' commuting modes. On the one hand, the non-commuting trip time (before or after the commuter's trip) make difference in the relationship between the built environment and commuting mode choice. On the other hand, the mutual influence of several built environment factors-residential area, work location, and noncommuting activity-determines the commuting behavior. Therefore, the extension of the results may provide new thoughts for predicting individual traffic behavior and traffic demand based on individual models.