This paper argues that Rogers' Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) is the original theory for guiding research on innovation diffusion and/ or adoption, from which the more recent theories have been derived. Hence, the paper suggests a framework based on the IDT, and derives 14 hypotheses for future research, basing on a review of recent literature. The framework divides the correlates of diffusion and/ or adoption of innovations into three categories: individual adopter characteristics, perceived innovation characteristics and social system or organizational characteristics. In terms of individual adopter characteristics, it is hypothesized that interaction with change agents, training and cosmopolitanism positively relate to the adoption of innovations, while age and income are negatively and positively related to the adoption of innovations respectively. Gender is related to the adoption of innovations in a way that males are more apt. Regarding perceived innovation characteristics, the perceived relative advantage, compatibility, user friendliness and 'observability' are postulated to be positively related to the adoption of innovations. On organizational characteristics, it is postulated that each of organizational readiness for change, culture, size and leader's change management style is positively related to the adoption of innovations. Gaps in the studies reviewed are highlighted.

This study sought to establish levels of use of knowledge management systems (KMS) by Masters students in the College of Education and External Studies in Makerere University and to link the same to characteristics related to a given respondent's organisation of employment, namely ability to absorb change, KMS culture, size and leader's KMS change management style. The study involved 60 students who responded to a questionnaire. Data analysis, involving summary statistics and multiple regression, indicated low levels of use of KMS, but none of the four organizational characteristics was a significant correlate of the same. It was thus recommended that stakeholders such as the Makerere University Directorate of ICT Support provide equal treatment such as exposure and/ or training to all of them irrespective of differentials in their organizations of origin.

This study sought to establish the relationship between each of work environment and perception of institutional policies and lecturers' productivity in Uganda Christian University. It involved 94 lecturers who responded to a self administered questionnaire. Data analysis was based on percents and means at the descriptive level while Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to correlate the independent variables with productivity. The results revealed that there was no significant relationship between work environment and the productivity of lecturers, hence the recommendation that other than work environment, the University should prioritize factors such as qualification, experience, remuneration and training. The results revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between perception of institutional policies and productivity, hence the recommendation that the University embraces favourable policies that balance institutional and individual needs.

The world over, higher education institutions (HEIs) have invested heavily in the promotion of computer and information technology (CIT). Inmany HEIs in Sub-Saharan Africa, however, a disturbing dilemma pertains to the low adoption of the technologies, in spite of the enormity of the investment that the institutions have made in their promotion. Grounded on the propositions of the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) model, this study examined whether this dilemma is due to the way the institutions invest in the promotion of the technologies, taking the case of three HEIs in Rwanda. Data were collected on the institutions' expenditure on components of the TCO and the findings contrasted with documented experiences from CIT-savvy settings, to establish whether the institutions meet the TCO. The findings were that expenditure on the promotion of the technologies is skewed in disfavor of cost components that pertain to the functionality of the technologies. Overriding attention is put on acquisition of the technologies but this has led to underutilization of the CIT ware acquired. It was also found that the availability of CIT ware and personnel in the institutions is still inadequate, notwithstanding the bias of investment in CITs that is in favor of their acquisition. It is, therefore, concluded that while efforts to acquire CIT ware and personnel are still relevant, the managers of the institutions should also increase expenditure on training end-users; establishing end-user service desks; and repairing/replacing obsolete CIT equipment.