Laws in Latin American countries are based on scientific evidence that calls for mental health services to move to the community. These care modalities have implementation problems. The objective of this article is to describe the implementation of the services proposed in Law 1616 of 2013 of Colombia (Mental Health Law): emergencies, hospitalization, community-based rehabilitation, pre-hospital care, day hospital for children and adults, Drug Addiction Care Center, groups support and mutual aid, telemedicine, and home and outpatient care. We used a mixed study, with a cross-sectional descriptive quantitative component, where an instrument was used to determine the level of implementation of these services, consisting of a scale that established the availability and use of these services, in addition to the climate of implementation of the services and community mental health strategies, in addition to a qualitative determination of barriers and facilitators of implementation. We found a low availability of all services in departments such as Amazonas, Vaupés, Putumayo, and Meta and an implementation of services in Bogotá and Caldas. The least implemented services are the community ones, and those with the greatest presence at the territorial level are emergencies and hospitalization. We conclude that low- and middle-income countries have few community models and invest a large part of their technical and economic effort in emergencies and hospitalization. There are difficulties in the implementation of most of the services proposed by Colombian legislation related to mental health.

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Introduction. A steady rise in mental problems has been observed in the university population, particularly in the area of health, related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Protective factors such as resilience and risk factors such as adverse events in childhood have been associated with mental health outcomes. Objective. Describe psychiatric symptoms and their association with adverse childhood experiences and resilience in first-semester students in the three undergraduate programs of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Caldas, Colombia in 2020. Method. Descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational study, using a virtual survey including the SRQ (Self Reporting Questionnaire), Wagnild and Young’s Resilience Scale and questions on adverse childhood experiences. Results. A total of 108 students with a mean age of 19.6 years participated in the study. Affective symptoms were found in 6.4% of subjects. The most frequent level of resilience was medium, while the most commonly reported adverse event was child abuse. An association was found between being exposed to adverse childhood experiences and the presence of symptoms that compromise mental health and alter one of the domains of resilience. A link was also found between the presence of these symptoms and the alteration of domains of resilience. Discussion and conclusion. It was possible to identify a risk of mental health disorders in students, and to establish an association between adverse events in childhood and resilience.

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Antecedentes: La depresión, puede afectar el funcionamiento social y emocional de los padres, haciéndolos menos disponibles para sus hijos. Los niños y adolescentes con madres deprimidas tienen mayores alteraciones en la atención, funciones ejecutivas, memoria de trabajo y toma de decisiones, con impacto a nivel socioemocional y escolar. Objetivo: evaluar la relación entre los trastornos afectivos en cuidadores principales y el funcionamiento cognitivo en niños y adolescentes. Metodología: Investigación de tipo descriptivo correlacional, de carácter transversal. Muestra: 171 niños y adolescentes del programa Manizales Elige la Vida, con sus padres o cuidadores: 120 con dificultades afectivo-comportamentales y 51 sin estas dificultades. Instrumentos: PHQ-9 para cuidadores y protocolo de evaluación adaptado de la evaluación neuropsicológica infantil (ENI), Trail Making test y prorrateo de la escala de inteligencia WISC-IV. Resultados: 39% de los cuidadores presentaron síntomas depresivos agudos. En cuanto a la correlación entre depresión en cuidadores (medidos con el PHQ-9) y las variables de las pruebas neuropsicológicas de los niños, se encontró asociación significativa entre alteraciones en funciones atencionales, ejecutivas y de rendimiento cognitivo: Dígitos en regresión (p= 0,0022), TMT-A (p= 0,024) y Cancelación de letras (p= 0,024) Conclusiones: Se encontró asociación entre síntomas depresivos agudos en cuidadores, y alteración de la atención y funciones ejecutivas en niños, así como también, una asociación entre rendimiento cognitivo del niño y antecedentes de familiares con trastornos afectivos.