El aumento de la edad media de la población en las sociedades occidentales es una realidad que define nuevos parámetros de convivencia a la vez que nuevas demandas sociales. En el caso de los mayores, los servicios garantizan no sólo el cuidado, en particular a los dependientes, sino también la compañía (soledad). En este artículo se analiza la localización y accesibilidad a dichos servicios, concretamente centros de día, centros municipales de actividad y residencias, en la ciudad de Valencia, lo cual resulta de gran interés también para la planificación y gestión pública. Se hace hincapié en el contexto de los barrios más vulnerables. Los resultados nos indican que existen claras diferencias según el lugar de residencia de las personas, el modelo público o privado de la oferta y el tipo de transporte, todo lo cual resta cohesión social y espacial, a pesar de la buena situación general de la ciudad.
Society nowadays makes intensive use of time and extensive use of space. This has implications for spatial planning of facilities and services since it is now essential to look at personal accessibility (in terms of time and choice) and not just physical distance. Over and above spatial accessibility (distance or cost of travel to the facility or service), location models based on space-time accessibility also consider personal accessibility with respect to the time available to access a facility or service. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the practical usefulness of the theoretical approach grounded in the Geography of Time in enhancing personal accessibility to facilities and services which are provided in a specific space and at a specific time and have fixed start and end times, as is the case with schools. To this end, an ad hoc tool was developed to generate a number of scenarios simulating actual and hypothetical conditions for space-time accessibility to schools in the city of Valencia. The results showed how studying space-time accessibility may be extremely useful in drawing up proposals designed to increase personal accessibility to core services such as education and thereby helping to improve work-life balance.
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