Developments in spin-polarized internal targets for storage rings have permitted measurements of 197 MeV polarized protons scattering from vector polarized deuterons. This work presents measurements of the polarization observables A(y), iT11, and C(y,y) in proton-deuteron elastic scattering. When compared to calculations with and without three-nucleon forces, the measurements provide further evidence that three-nucleon forces make a contribution to the observables. This work indicates that three-body forces derived from static nuclear properties appear to be crucial to the description of dynamical properties.

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A broadband soil dielectric spectra retrieval approach (1 MHz–2 GHz) has been implemented for a layered half space. The inversion kernel consists of a two-port transmission line forward model in the frequency domain and a constitutive material equation based on a power law soil mixture rule (Complex Refractive Index Model—CRIM). The spatially-distributed retrieval of broadband dielectric spectra was achieved with a global optimization approach based on a Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE) algorithm using the full set of the scattering parameters. For each layer, the broadband dielectric spectra were retrieved with the corresponding parameters thickness, porosity, water saturation and electrical conductivity of the aqueous pore solution. For the validation of the approach, a coaxial transmission line cell measured with a network analyzer was used. The possibilities and limitations of the inverse parameter estimation were numerically analyzed in four scenarios. Expected and retrieved layer thicknesses, soil properties and broadband dielectric spectra in each scenario were in reasonable agreement. Hence, the model is suitable for an estimation of in-homogeneous material parameter distributions. Moreover, the proposed frequency domain approach allows an automatic adaptation of layer number and thickness or regular grids in time and/or space.

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Abstract.A laser driven source of polarized hydrogen and deuterium has been installed in the Cooler Ring at the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility. Polarized nuclei from the source are injected into a storage tube, and the resulting target has been used in a scattering experiment with 200 MeV proton beam. This paper discusses the performance of the source, including measurements of atomic fraction and electron polarization.For several years there has been interest in using spin exchange with an optically pumped polarized alk& vapor as a way of obtaining a source of highly polarized hydrogen or deuterium nuclei with a higher flux than can be achieved by other methods [l]. Development of this technique on the bench led to a target which, assuming spin-temperature equilibrium, had a higher