With the standardisation of the fifth generation (5G) wireless network interface was established in 3GPP, the features of 5G arouse great interest both in academics and industry, even government. The significant advancements of 5G wireless network technology will make a great increase in the demand for content-rich streaming media services. What's more, many mobile devices with heterogeneous network interfaces (4G, WiFi, and even 5G) connect multiple paths for data delivery simultaneously. Multiple Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP) is recommended by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to multi-path parallel transmission, which is an important transport layer protocol. Although there are many attractive benefits by using MPTCP for data delivery, it becomes sensitive for MPTCP to network attacks. When a subflow with the MPTCP association suffers from some network attacks (e.g. denial of service attacks), there is undoubted that it will cause large numbers of retransmission data. Unfortunately, the regular MPTCP retransmission mechanisms retransmit data over the same path, which may cause receiver buffer blocking. In this study, the authors propose effective retransmission mechanisms in MPTCP for retransmitting data on a non-congested path. The simulation results show that the proposed retransmission mechanism has better performance than the regular' in the network attacks.

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With the rapid development of wireless networks, multiple network interfaces are gradually being designed into more and more mobile devices. When it comes to data delivery, Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)-based Concurrent Multipath Transfer (CMT) has proven to be quite useful solution for multiple home networks, and it could become the key transport protocol for the next generation of wireless communications. The CMT delay caused by data rearrangement has been noticed by researchers, but they have seldom considered the frequent occurrence of packet loss that occurs in the high-loss networks. In this paper, we proposed an original loss-aware solution for multipath concurrent transmission (CMT-LA) that achieves the following goals: (1) identifying packet loss on all paths, (2) distributing packets adaptively across multiple available paths according to their packet loss and loss variation, and (3) maintaining the features of bandwidth aggregation and parallel transmission of CMT while improving the throughput performance. The results of our simulations showed that the proposed CMT-LA reduces reordering delay and unnecessary fast retransmissions, thereby demonstrating that CMT-LA is a more efficient data delivery scheme than classic CMT.

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