Controlled doping for adjustable material polarity and charge carrier concentration is the basis of semiconductor materials and devices, and it is much more difficult to achieve in ionic semiconductors (e.g., ZnO and GaN) than in covalent semiconductors (e.g., Si and Ge), due to the high intrinsic defect density in ionic semiconductors. The organic-inorganic perovskite material, which is frenetically being researched for applications in solar cells and beyond, is also an ionic semiconductor. Here we present the Ag-incorporated organic-inorganic perovskite films and planar heterojunction solar cells. Partial substitution of Pb by Ag leads to improved film morphology, crystallinity, and carrier dynamics as well as shifted Fermi level and reduced electron concentration. Consequently, in planar heterojunction photovoltaic devices with inverted stacking structure, Ag incorporation results in an enhancement of the power conversion efficiency from 16.0% to 18.4% in MAPbI based devices and from 11.2% to 15.4% in MAPbICl based devices. Our work implies that Ag incorporation is a feasible route to adjust carrier concentrations in solution-processed perovskite materials in spite of the high concentration of intrinsic defects.

An easy and efficient protocol was developed for isolating good-quality total RNA from various tissues including fruits, leaves, stems, and roots of ancient gymnosperm species, taxus and ginkgo. The protocol was developed based on the CTAB method with modifications, including higher-strength CTAB to help the lysis of plant cells, more PVP, and beta-mercaptoethanol to prevent oxidation of phenolic complexes, and higher-centrifugation force to get rid of most cell debris and to ensure RNA quality. In RNA isolation, chloroform/isoamyl alcohol was used to remove proteins, genomic DNA, and secondary metabolites and lithium chloride was subsequently adopted to concentrate total RNA away from most of the cytoplasmic components. Good-quality total RNA from various tissues of native taxus and ginkgo could be easily isolated within 24 hr by this protocol which avoided the limitation of plant materials and the usage of dangerous chemicals, such as phenol, and could provide total RNA for all kinds of further molecular studies.

Nature employs supramolecular self-assembly to organize many molecularly complex structures. Based on this, we now report for the first time the supramolecular self-assembly of 3D lightweight nanocellulose aerogels using carboxylated ginger cellulose nanofibers and polyaniline (PANI) in a green aqueous medium. A possible supramolecular self-assembly of the 3D conductive supramolecular aerogel (SA) was provided, which also possessed mechanical flexibility, shape recovery capabilities, and a porous networked microstructure to support the conductive PANI chains. The lightweight conductive SA with hierarchically porous 3D structures (porosity of 96.90%) exhibited a high conductivity of 0.372 mS/cm and a larger areanormalized capacitance (C s ) of 59.26 mF/cm 2 , which is 20 times higher than other 3D chemically cross-linked nanocellulose aerogels, fast charge−discharge performance, and excellent capacitance retention. Combining the flexible SA solid electrolyte with low-cost nonwoven polypropylene and PVA/H 2 SO 4 yielded a high normalized capacitance (C m ) of 291.01 F/g without the use of adhesive that was typically required for flexible energy storage devices. Furthermore, the supramolecular conductive aerogel could be used as a universal sensitive sensor for toxic gas, field sobriety tests, and health monitoring devices by utilizing the electrode material in lightweight supercapacitor and wearable flexible devices.

One-dimensional Fe-N-codoped porous carbon materials have shown great potential as sustainable and efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts. Herein, a highly active ORR 1D Fe-N-C catalyst has been developed by pyrolyzing a complex of polydopamine nanotubes and Fe(NO) at 800 °C. Porous PDA nanotubes as a resource for nitrogen-doped carbon and a coordination platform for Fe can provide well-distributed catalytic sites (Fe-N) after pyrolysis, and generate graphene-like carbon covers with proper thicknesses on Fe/FeC nanoparticles that effectively prevent agglomeration. Thanks to the 1D mesoporous morphology and hybrid composition, the rationally designed catalyst exhibits comparable ORR activity to the commercial Pt/C catalyst, and superior durability and methanol tolerance in alkaline media. Polydopamine nanotubes have demonstrated effects in the fabrication of efficient ORR catalysts which can be described as "killing three birds with one stone". The excellent electrocatalytic performance makes this novel 1D Fe-N-C catalyst a promising non-precious metal catalyst for practical fuel cell application.