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With the development of optical fiber communication, and after chromatic dispersion and attenuation are compensated for, polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in optical fibers becomes more and more important and cannot be ignored when the transmission system is up to 40Gbit/s or above, or transmission distance is several thousand kilometers long. In the paper, it is discussed four kinds of compensation schemes in 40Gbit/s optical communication system, it point out that transmission distance is different when use different compensation schemes by pulse broadening theory. And when the transmission speed is very high or the transmission distance is very long, it is necessary to compensated high-order PMD.It compared 2nd-order PMD compensated system and first-order PMD compensated system, it point out that 2nd-order PMD compensated system is much better than first-order PMD compensated system by pulse broadening theory.

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