Background The purpose of present study was to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with BMP-9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by using bioinformatics methods. Methods Gene expression profiles of BMP-9-induced MSCs were compared between with GFP-induced MSCs and BMP-9-induced MSCs. GSE48882 containing two groups of gene expression profiles, 3 GFP-induced MSC samples and 3 from BMP-9-induced MSCs, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, DEGs were clustered based on functions and signaling pathways with significant enrichment analysis. Pathway enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) demonstrated that the identified DEGs were potentially involved in cytoplasm, nucleus, and extracellular exosome signaling pathway. Results A total of 1967 DEGs (1029 upregulated and 938 downregulated) were identified from GSE48882 datasets. R/Bioconductor package limma was used to identify the DEGs. Further analysis revealed that there were 35 common DEGs observed between the samples. GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, among which endoplasmic reticulum, protein export, RNA transport, and apoptosis was the most significant dysregulated pathway. The result of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network modules demonstrated that the Hspa5, P4hb, Sec61a1, Smarca2, Pdia3, Dnajc3, Hyou1, Smad7, Derl1, and Surf4 were the high-degree hub nodes. Conclusion Taken above, using integrated bioinformatical analysis, we have identified DEGs candidate genes and pathways in BMP-9 induced MSCs, which could improve our understanding of the key genes and pathways for BMP-9-induced osteogenic of MSCs.

We investigated the Y chromosome of various Chinese populations to determine the patrilineal origin of the Chaoshanese population. Admixture analysis of six specific Y short tandem repeat (STR) loci in 6,292 individual samples taken from 51 populations, including Chaoshanese and Minnanese of our earlier studies, showed that over 85% of the Chaoshanese Y chromosomes were derived from the Central China Han (M (RH): 0.8614; M (BE): 1.1868 ± 0.2054), and a very small portion were from the southern aborigines. These results support a Central China Han origin of the Chaoshanese and additionally reveal that males from the Central China Han were the predominant contributor to the patrilineal genetics of the Chaoshanese. A phylogenetic tree and analysis of molecular variance signified a strong association between Y chromosomes of Chinese populations and their linguistic affiliations, revealing a coevolution of Y chromosome diversity and languages in East Asia.

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We design and demonstrate experimentally a plasmonic directional beaming device with an expected beam angle, which consists of a slit-grooves structure in Au/Cr metal layers. The directional beaming phenomenon is achieved by modulating the phases of the radiation light diffracted by grooves from surface plasmon polariton and controlling the wavefront of the transmitted light to propagate toward the desired direction. The transmitted field through the demonstration beaming device is simulated with finite-difference time-domain method and visualized using scanning near-field optical microscope. The simulation and experimental results both show a significant directional beaming effect and are in good agreement with theoretical expectation. Such a plasmonic beaming device has potential applications in optical interconnection, display, and illumination.

Review question / Objective: Population： Solid tumors (stomach cancer, liver cancer, biliary cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, pancreatic cancer, o v a r i a n c a n c e r, c e r v i c a l c a n c e r, endometrial cancer, bladder cancer, urothelium carcinoma). Predictive factors: c t D N A d e t e c t e d ; I n t e r v e n t i o n / comparator： No limitation. Outcomes： Primary outcomes: Progression-free survival (PFS); Include Relapse-free survival (RFS)、Disease free survival (DFS)、DMFS (Distant Metastasis-Free Survival)、Eventfree survival(EFS). Overall survival (OS).