Background: Accurate detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa), Gleason Grade Group ≥ 2, remains a challenge. Prostate MRI radiomics and blood kallikreins have been proposed as tools to improve the performance of biparametric MRI (bpMRI). Purpose: To develop and validate radiomics and kallikrein models for the detection of csPCa. Study Type: Retrospective. Population: A total of 543 men with a clinical suspicion of csPCa, 411 (76%, 411/543) had kallikreins available and 360 (88%, 360/411) did not take 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. Two data splits into training, validation (split 1: single center, n = 72; split 2: random 50% of pooled datasets from all four centers), and testing (split 1: 4 centers, n = 288; split 2: remaining 50%) were evaluated. Field strength/Sequence: A 3 T/1.5 T, TSE T2-weighted imaging, 3x SE DWI. Assessment: In total, 20,363 radiomic features calculated from manually delineated whole gland (WG) and bpMRI suspicion lesion masks were evaluated in addition to clinical parameters, prostate-specific antigen, four kallikreins, MRI-based qualitative (PI-RADSv2.1/IMPROD bpMRI Likert) scores.

Summary The reason of prostate cancer is the mutation in the prostate cell. The present study was aimed at determining the effects of different concentrations of vitamin D on the anti-proliferative action of 24,25(OH)2D3 applied on LNCaP (cell line of human prostate cancer) cells. It was evident from the results that vitamin D having concentrations of 10-9nM showed the best anti-proliferative action on prostate cancer cells (LNCaP cells) compared to other concentrations used. Most of the receptors were expressed at 10-9nM resulting clear band in agarose gel image. Results also revealed that both nVDR and AR receptors (androgen receptors) were expressed well when treated with 10-9nM and 10-10nM concentrations of 24,25(OH)2D3. These findings confirm the potential use of vitamin D as an anti-proliferative compound against prostate cancer cells.