A new evaluation method and its application are discussed in detail for the determination of some important statistical parameters of a dislocation assembly, namely the average dislocation density, the average¯uctuation of the dislocation density and the average polarization, from the X-ray diffraction line pro®le. The method is based only on the analytical properties of the strain ®eld of dislocations, regardless of the actual form of the dislocation distribution, so it can also be applied to inhomogeneous dislocation structures. The applicability of the evaluation procedure is demonstrated for broadened Bragg peaks of deformed Cu single crystals and of nanocrystalline Cu produced by inert-gas condensation.

A numerical technique for spatial (lateral and vertical) zooming in finite‐difference multiaquifer ground water flow models with a point‐centered finite‐difference scheme is presented. A composite, rectangular finite‐difference mesh is used, allowing for different mesh resolutions and/or layering in hierarchically associated windows of the flow domain. An iterative procedure, called mesh interface simulator (MIS), is developed to link the parent and child meshes along their boundaries, referred to as interfaces. MIS equates the piezometric head along and the lateral flux across the interface. A numerical example of four interbedded meshes in a two‐aquifer system with spatial zooming is evaluated. The results of numerical simulation are compared to an analytical solution to assess the overall approximation error of the numerical finite‐difference and MIS procedures.

Copper single crystals deformed in uniaxial compression were investigated by x-ray line profile analysis, and the resulting statistical parameters of the developed dislocation pattern are compared to the fractal dimension of the dislocation network determined by the box-counting method on transmission electron microscope micrograph. The observed correlation between the relative fluctuation of the dislocation density and the fractal dimension of the dislocation pattern is interpreted on the basis of the generalized ͑fractal͒ composite model.

Injection of water and subsequent withdrawal were carried out in three existing water wells (SU‐10, C‐105, and SU‐135A) in Kuwait. The objective of the study was to assess the technical feasibility of artificial recharge in the carbonate Dammam Formation and the clastic Kuwait Group aquifers. In the absence of any pretreatment of injection water and measures for maintenance of line pressure, clogging from suspended solids and air entrapment occurred in all three experiments. It was, however, possible to inject for one month in Wells SU‐10 and C‐105 where injection took place in the Dammam aquifer. In Well SU‐135A, where the Kuwait Group aquifer was the target for injection, clogging became so severe that the injection experiment had to be abandoned. The injection/withdrawal data were analyzed with the help of a multi‐aquifer flow model and a transport model. The models took into account the effects of crossflow within the boreholes on the distribution of intake and discharge rates for different aquifers, and hence, on the recovery efficiency. The experiments suggested that the artificial recharge of the Dammam and the Kuwait Group aquifers was technically feasible. The problem of clogging was, however, more severe for the Kuwait Group.