No abstract

Purpose Trauma has been called the neglected disease of modern society. According to WHO, fall is the second major cause of trauma or deaths resulting from unintentional accidents. The aim of this study was to investigate the different types of fall according to International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) in hospitalized patients visiting specialized accident and trauma hospitals of Mashhad, Iran. Methods This was a cross sectional retrospective study performed between March 20, 2013 and March 20, 2014. The research population consisted of all medical records of patients for fall injuries in three specialized accident and trauma hospitals. ICD-10 was adopted to categorize all types of falls (w00-w19). The results obtained were analyzed by SPSS 16. Results Altogether 7,448 cases were included. The codes w18 (fall on same level) and w09 (fall involving playground equipment) with the frequencies of 1,856 and 1,303, respectively in both genders had the maximum number of falls. The maximum percentage of mortality has been related to “fall on and from ladder”,” fall from cliff “and “fall on same level involving ice and snow”. Conclusion As falls can cause irrecoverable injuries including mortality of people, thus health authorities and policymakers should take preventive measures given the causes of falls and the root of this type of injuries, so that the costs resulting from this cause and its injuries can be reduced.

Background and Aims: Concerning the growing rate of cesarean sections (CSs) worldwide, encouraging normal vaginal deliveries (NVDs) and mitigating CS rates is a necessity. This study investigated the status of delivery in hospitals affiliated with the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) before and after implementing health system transformation plan (HSTP).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 in the obstetrics and gynecology ward in four MUMS teaching hospitals. Data were extracted from hospital information systems (HISs) based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and analyzed in SPSS VE10 software. Results:The results revealed a significant difference between the rate of NVDs and CSs before and after HSTP, such that implementing this plan in MUMS hospitals has raised the rate of NVDs by 4%. Except for the age groups of less than 15 and 36-40 years, the difference between NVD and CS was significant in different age groups before and after HSTP. The rate of NVD significantly increased within 2 months after implementing HSTP. Furthermore, the difference in the rate of previous CS before and after implementing HSTP was significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion:The results of this study show the positive impact of the implementation of the HSTP on CS reduction and NVD increase in the studied hospitals. Since the studied hospitals were teaching and concerning the different costs of NVD and CS between the public and private hospitals, it is recommended to study all hospitals with the obstetrics and gynecology ward to precisely assess the success of HSTP in encouraging NVD.