Porphyromonas gulae is one of the key microorganisms in biofilm dysbiosis that leads to periodontal disease, a prevalent disease in cats. Gingipains are proteases secreted that promote the disruption of cell adhesion and the differentiation of osteoclasts. The use of anti-gingipain immunoglobulin Y (IgY-GP) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional prevention and treatment methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of IgY-GP on different parameters related to oral health in cats. Twenty adult mixed-breed cats were divided into 2 groups of 10 cats fed with 2 extruded diets differing only by coating. The control group received a coating of 4 g/kg of powdered egg and the test group received a coating of 4 g/kg of IgY-GP. The experiment followed a crossover design with 2 periods, each lasting 40 days with a washout period of 30 days. The evaluated parameters were plaque, calculus, gingivitis index, and percentage of Porphyromonas gingivalis of the oral cavity (%PG-OC) at baseline and after 40 days of diet consumption. All cats remained healthy throughout the study and no adverse reactions or side effects were observed. After 40 days of IgY-GP consumption, the plaque index was significantly lower compared to the baseline (P ¼ .0133). There were no significant changes in calculus index, gingivitis index, and %PG-OC between groups after 40 days (P > .05). The consumption of IgY-GP reduces plaque accumulation, which may lead to an improvement in the oral health of adult cats.

The objective of this study was to compare the dosages for anesthesia induction in obese dogs using propofol based on lean body weight or total body weight. For this purpose, seven dogs with ideal body condition score (BCS) (BCS 4-5; 17.3 ± 2.5% fat mass) were included in the control group (CG), seven obese dogs (BCS 8-9; 45.7 ± 2.9% fat mass) in the total body weight group (TBWG) and seven obese dogs (BCS 8-9; 42.8 ± 6.3% fat mass) in the lean body weight group (LBWG). Anaesthesia was induced by a constant rate infusion of propofol at 150 mg kg −1 hour −1 through a propofol infusion pump until the loss of consciousness; the animals in CG and TBWG received a propofol infusion based on total body weight; the animals in LBWG received a propofol infusion based on lean body mass (in kg) determined by the deuterium dilution method. The results were compared between the groups using the Tukey test ( p < 0.05). The propofol dosage used was 11.4 ± 3.2 mg kg −1 , 8.0± 2.0 mg kg −1 and 14.1 ± 4.7 mg kg −1 in groups CG, TBWG and LBWG, respectively, and they were different among all groups ( p < 0.001). There was also a statistical difference in the time between the start of propofol infusion and loss of consciousness in which LBWG took longer than CG and TBWG ( p = 0.004). This study shows that obese dogs require lower dosages of propofol when inducing anesthesia than ideal BCS dogs anesthetized with dosages based on total body weight, when the propofol dosages are calculated on the basis of muscle mass it should be increased.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of propofol and midazolam on induction of anesthesia in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, measured in terms of the quality of tracheal intubation, anesthesia induction, cardiorespiratory effects, and recuperation period. Thirty healthy adult cats were pretreated with acepromazine and morphine. After 30 min, they were divided into three groups: PG (n = 10), in which induction was performed with only intravenous propofol at doses required for intubation; MPG (n = 8), in which animals received intravenous midazolam (0.3 mg kg -1 ) administered over 30 s, followed by administration of propofol as in PG; and PMG (n = 9), in which propofol was first administered at a rate of 4 mg kg -1 min -1 , after which midazolam was administered (0.3 mg/kg), followed by re-administration of propofol. In order to perform a blinded study, the PG and PMG received a 0.9% NaCl solution volume similar to the midazolam dose before induction (0.06 mL/kg). Similar to the other groups, the PG and MPG received (0.06 mL kg -1 ) saline 30 s after administration of propofol. In order to mimic the administration of midazolam, the saline solution was administered for 30s. The PG received 11.0 ± 1.38 mg kg -1 propofol, a greater dose than that administered to the PMG (p < 0.001) and MPG (p < 0.01), which received 7.9 ± 1.92 and 9.1 ± 2.20 mg kg -1 , respectively. There were no differences in the intubation scores between groups. Previous use of midazolam did not affect agitation or excitement in cats; both sequences of propofol-midazolam administration are feasible, but the propofol-midazolam sequence was superior due to the lower propofol dose. Key words: Benzodiazepines, castration, dogs, feline ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os efeitos de propofol e midazolam na indução da anestesia em gatas submetidas a ovariossalpingohisterectomia quanto a qualidade da intubação orotraqueal e da indução da anestesia, efeitos cardiorrespiratórios e períodos de recuperação. Foram utilizadas 27 gatas adultas e hígidas que foram pré-tratadas com acepromazina e morfina. Decorridos 30 minutos, foram distribuídas em três grupos: no GP (n=10), a indução foi realizada somente com propofol por via intravenosa na dose necessária para intubação orotraqueal; no GMP (n=8), os animais receberam midazolam (0,3 mg/kg) administrado pela via intravenosa em 30s, e em seguida o propofol foi administrado segundo os critérios do grupo propofol; no GPM (n=9), administrou-se, inicialmente, propofol na velocidade de 4 mg/kg/min; posteriormente, administrou-se midazolam (0,3 mg/kg), e o restante da indução foi realizado com propofol. Para que o estudo fosse cego, os animais dos grupos GP e GPM receberam solução salina no volume similar à dose de midazolam antes da indução (0,06 ml/kg). Da mesma forma, os grupos GP e GMP receberam solução de NaCl a 0,9% (0,06 ml/kg) após 30s de administração de propofol. Com objetivo de mimetizar a administração do midazolam, a solução salina foi administrada em 30s. O GP r...

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of propofol and midazolam on induction of anesthesia in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, measured in terms of the quality of tracheal intubation, anesthesia induction, cardiorespiratory effects, and recuperation period. Thirty healthy adult cats were pretreated with acepromazine and morphine. After 30 min, they were divided into three groups: PG (n = 10), in which induction was performed with only intravenous propofol at doses required for intubation; MPG (n = 8), in which animals received intravenous midazolam (0.3 mg kg -1 ) administered over 30 s, followed by administration of propofol as in PG; and PMG (n = 9), in which propofol was first administered at a rate of 4 mg kg -1 min -1 , after which midazolam was administered (0.3 mg/kg), followed by re-administration of propofol. In order to perform a blinded study, the PG and PMG received a 0.9% NaCl solution volume similar to the midazolam dose before induction (0.06 mL/kg). Similar to the other groups, the PG and MPG received (0.06 mL kg -1 ) saline 30 s after administration of propofol. In order to mimic the administration of midazolam, the saline solution was administered for 30s. The PG received 11.0 ± 1.38 mg kg -1 propofol, a greater dose than that administered to the PMG (p < 0.001) and MPG (p < 0.01), which received 7.9 ± 1.92 and 9.1 ± 2.20 mg kg -1 , respectively. There were no differences in the intubation scores between groups. Previous use of midazolam did not affect agitation or excitement in cats; both sequences of propofol-midazolam administration are feasible, but the propofol-midazolam sequence was superior due to the lower propofol dose. Key words: Benzodiazepines, castration, dogs, feline ResumoO objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os efeitos de propofol e midazolam na indução da anestesia em gatas submetidas a ovariossalpingohisterectomia quanto a qualidade da intubação orotraqueal e da indução da anestesia, efeitos cardiorrespiratórios e períodos de recuperação. Foram utilizadas 27 gatas adultas e hígidas que foram pré-tratadas com acepromazina e morfina. Decorridos 30 minutos, foram distribuídas em três grupos: no GP (n=10), a indução foi realizada somente com propofol por via intravenosa na dose necessária para intubação orotraqueal; no GMP (n=8), os animais receberam midazolam (0,3 mg/kg) administrado pela via intravenosa em 30s, e em seguida o propofol foi administrado segundo os critérios do grupo propofol; no GPM (n=9), administrou-se, inicialmente, propofol na velocidade de 4 mg/kg/min; posteriormente, administrou-se midazolam (0,3 mg/kg), e o restante da indução foi realizado com propofol. Para que o estudo fosse cego, os animais dos grupos GP e GPM receberam solução salina no volume similar à dose de midazolam antes da indução (0,06 ml/kg). Da mesma forma, os grupos GP e GMP receberam solução de NaCl a 0,9% (0,06 ml/kg) após 30s de administração de propofol. Com objetivo de mimetizar a administração do midazolam, a solução salina foi administrada em 30s. O GP r...

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