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). Palavras-Chave► neuroparacoccidioidomicose ► paracoccidioidomicose ► abscesso fúngico ResumoA paracoccidioidomicose é uma micose sistêmica, endêmica na América Latina, causada pelo fungo Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. O Brasil é o país com maior número de casos. A afecção do sistema nervoso central (SNC), condição potencialmente fatal, ocorre em torno de 12% dos casos. Identificam-se as seguintes formas de apresentação: meníngea, mais rara; meningoencefálica; e pseudotumoral, mais frequente. Os exames de imagem são fundamentais no auxilio diagnóstico, porém a identificação histológica do fungo é necessária para confirmação. O quadro clínico depende da localização no neuroeixo. Apresentamos o caso de um homem, trabalhador rural, com formações expansivas no SNC, compatíveis com paracoccidioidomicose. AbstractParacoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis, endemic in Latin America, caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Brazil is the country with the highest number of cases. The affection of the central nervous system (CNS), a potentially fatal condition, occurs in 12% of cases. The following forms of presentation are identified: meningeal, unusual, meningoencephalitis and pseudotumoral the latter two being more frequent. Imaging tests are essential in diagnostic, but the histological identification of the fungus is required for confirmation of the pathology. The clinical picture depends on neuraxial location. We present a case report of a male rural worker, with expansive lesions in the CNS, compatible with paracoccidioidomycosis.

Leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament is a rare tumor, since only 12 cases have been reported so far in the literature. A 53-year-old patient was diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament at the Department of Gynecology Oncology of the National Cancer Research Institute in Genoa. The tumor had low mitotic activity and less than ten mitotic figures were found for ten high-power fields. The treatment consisted of total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with bilateral ureteral neoanastomosis and omentectomy. The patient has not received either radiotherapy or chemotherapy, considering the low grade of malignancy, but she is only followed up on an outpatient basis. No evidence of metastasis has been noted after a follow-up of 13 months. It is concluded that low-grade leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament should be treated only with surgery.

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Atypical rhabdoid teratoid tumors (ARTTs) are rare embryonic tumors, usually localized in the posterior fossa and diagnosed in children under 3 years-old. The treatment includes surgical resection, radio and chemotherapy, and the prognostic is unfavorable, with an average median survival of 1 year. We present the case of a 3-year-old patient, with history of headache and vomiting, followed by absence seizures, temporal automatism, syncope accompanied by sialorrhea and sphincteric loss succeeded by a postictal period. Surgical excision was performed and the anatomopathological study confirmed ARTT. The ARTTs are embryonic tumors, a category in which medulloblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) represent the most common central nervous system (CNS) malignancies in childhood.