BackgroundThe minimally invasive abdominal surgery has evolved to reduce portals, culminating with a single incision and natural orifice operation. However, these methods are still expensive, difficult to implement and with questionable aesthetic results.AimTo present the standardization and preliminary results of a technique for performing laparoscopic suprapubic access by the principle which was called the Supra Pubic Endoscopic Surgery for cholecystectomy.MethodThe average body mass index of patients, the mean operative time, clinical data of the postoperative complications and quality of life were prospectively studied. The operation incisions consisted of: A) umbilical for instrumental dissection and clipping; B) in the right groin for handling and gallbladder gripping; C) suprapubic for the camera. With the patient in reverse Trendelenburg and left lateral decubitus, the operation flew by the camera trocar in C, proceeding with dissection and isolation of the biliary pedicle, identification of cystic duct and artery, with usual instrumentation. Transcystic intraoperative cholangiography was performed in all cases in which there were indications. The procedure was completed with clipping and sectioning of the cystic duct and artery, retrograde resection of the gallbladder and extracting it by the umbilical trocar incision under direct vision.ResultsThirty patients undergone this surgical procedure between March and June 2012 and were evaluated. The mean age was 40.7 years and the indications were typical biliary colic in 18 cases (60 %), cholecystitis in five cases (16.6 %), biliary pancreatitis in one case (3.3%); polyp in three cases (10%) and obstructive jaundice at three cases (10%). The average body mass index was 27.8 (23.1-35.1) and surgical time ranged between 24 and 70 minutes.ConclusionThe technique proved to be feasible and safe , with no significant complications, and satisfactory cosmetic results.

- RESUMO -Introdução:Leiomiomas são as neoplasias esofagianas mais comuns. Seu tratamento de escolha é cirúrgico. A enucleação por toracotomia aberta é o procedimento padrão. Com o avanço das técnicas de cirurgia minimamente invasiva, novas alternativas se impõem. Objetivo: Apresentar técnica videoendoscópica para o tratamento desses miomas evitandose toracotomia. Técnica: Enucleação do leiomioma por: A) toracoscopia para tumores do esôfago torácico ou B) laparoscopia aos do esôfago abdominal. A) As operações são realizadas sob anestesia geral com entubação seletiva do pulmão esquerdo. Os pacientes são colocados em posição de decúbito lateral esquerdo e leve dorsoflexão. São utilizados quatro trocárteres de trabalho, dois de 11 mm e dois de 5 mm. Os de 11 mm, um no 6º espaço intercostal, na linha axilar posterior, para ótica de 30°; outro na mesma altura na linha hemiclavicular para afastar o pulmão. Os outros dois trocárteres de 5 mm são instalados para dar passagem aos instrumentos de trabalho do cirurgião no 4º espaço, na linha axilar posterior, e no 7º, também na linha axilar posterior. As operações se iniciavam sempre pela abertura da pleura mediastinal, dissecção do tumor com abertura da parte muscular da parede esofágica, enucleação simples do tumor e fechamento da incisão muscular esofágica. B) As intervenções são feitas com os pacientes submetidos à anestesia geral e colocados em posição francesa. A abordagem é a mesma realizada para correção da hérnia hiatal e a enucleação é feita sem dificuldades. Conclusão: O acesso videocirúrgico é perfeitamente exequível para as ressecções de leiomiomas esofágicos e proporciona resultados satisfatórios muito semelhantes aos encontrados com aos procedimentos abertos.

Objective. To identify nationwide temporal trends and spatial patterns of gastric cancer–related mortality in Brazil. Methods. An ecological study was performed using death certificates registered from 2000 to 2019 in which gastric cancer was recorded as any cause of death (an underlying or associated cause). Trends over time were assessed using joinpoint regression models. Spatial and spatiotemporal clusters were identified by Kulldorff’s space–time scan statistics to identify high-risk areas. Results. In 276 897/22 663 091 (1.22%) death certificates gastric cancer was recorded as any cause of death. Age-adjusted gastric cancer–related mortality increased significantly over time (annual percentage change [APC]: 0.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5 to 0.8). The increase in mortality was more pronounced in the less-developed North and Northeast Regions (North Region, APC: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.7 to 3.5; Northeast Region, APC: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.5 to 3.7). Eight spatiotemporally associated high-risk clusters of gastric cancer–related mortality were identified in the North, South, Northeast and Central–West Regions, as well as a major cluster covering a wide geographical range in the South and Southeast Regions of Brazil during the first years of the study period (2000 to 2009). Conclusions. More recently, during 2010 to 2019, clusters of gastric cancer have been identified in the Northeast Region. The nationwide increase in mortality in this analysis of 20 years of data highlights the persistently high burden of gastric cancer in Brazil, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged regions. The identification of these areas where the population is at high risk for gastric cancer–related mortality emphasizes the need to develop effective and intersectoral control measures.

-Background -The increased prevalence of diverticular disease has made its most appropriate management a matter of constant debate. Especially for the cases of diverticulitis, considerable progress has been made in terms of diagnosis and management.The surgical resection of the involved colon is the only means of definitely eradicate this condition and so, the elective laparoscopic colectomy has emerged as a safe and interesting choice among the options of treatment. Aim -To analyze the outcomes of the laparoscopic left colectomy for diverticular disease performed over a 17-year period at a single institution. Methods -Between April 1990 and May 2007, a total of 205 consecutive left laparoscopic colectomies were retrospectively reviewed. Data obtained included the pre-operative workup, indications for surgery, operative results, complications and follow-up. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyzes were performed in an effort to identity risk factors for adverse outcomes in the series. Results -Indications were for non-complicated acute diverticulitis (80%), acute or chronic complicated diverticulitis (18.05%) and bleeding diverticular disease (1.95%). The conversion rate was 5.85% (12 cases). The median operative time was 180 (100-420) min with a hospital stay of 7 (5-44) days. The mean length of the resected specimen was 29.12 (+8.2) cm. Most cases (88.3%) had an unremarkable postoperative course but complications occurred in 24 (11.7%) patients. In order of frequency, these were: paralytic ileus (n=6), pelvic collections (n=4), bowel obstructions (n=4) and fistulas (n=2), among others. A re-operation was necessary in eight cases and there was one death (0.48%). Median follow-up was 26.5 (1-156) months with a satisfying result seen in 179 (87.32%) of the patients. In 18 (8.78%) cases, persistent symptoms of functional colonic disorders were noted. There were 7 (3.41%) anastomotic stenosis in witch two needed a re-operation. The recurrence rate was 1.95% (4 cases). Age and intraoperative complications were identified as risk factors for conversion. The presence of associated lesions was significantly correlated with the persistence of functional colonic symptoms during the follow-up. ConclusionsThe laparoscopic left colectomy is safe and effective in comparison to all other modalities of management for diverticular disease. Precise diagnosis and respect of the current indications are essential to achieve such results.RESUMO -Racional -O aumento da prevalência de doença diverticular tornou o seu manuseio mais adequado uma questão de debate constante. Especialmente para os casos de diverticulite, progresso considerável tem sido feito em termos de diagnóstico e tratamento. A ressecção cirúrgica do cólon envolvido é a única maneira de erradicar definitivamente essa condição e, portanto, a colectomia laparoscópica eletiva surgiu como uma opção segura e interessante entre as várias formas de tratamento. Objetivo -Analisar os resultados das colectomias laparoscópicas esquerdas para a doença diverticula...

Abstract:Objective: To evaluate the response to clinical and surgical treatment of Walter Cantídio University Hospital patients who were diagnosed with Barrett's esophagus between 2012 and 2016. Methodology: From the database analysis of Walter Cantídio University Hospital's pathology service, we identified all patients with a diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus between 2012 and 2016. We analyzed the patients' medical records and collected epidemiological and clinical data. Results: 22 patients were included in the study, 13 of whom were surgically treated and 9 were clinically treated. The regression was 33.3% in the clinical group and 30.7% in the surgical group, with no statistical difference between these two groups. Conclusions: The results show synchrony with data from the medical literature regarding the response of Barrett's esophagus to clinical and surgical treatment.