Context: This paper is presents the design and implementation of an 8-bit softcore RISC microprocessor able to be run on space-optimized FPGA, in order to be used for embedded applications. Method: The design of this microprocessor was developed in Verilog hardware description language and can be implemented in FPGA from different manufacturers; therefore, the user has only to define the input and output ports according to the type of FPGA. This is an accumulator-type processor, but it has two different accumulators that can be used as pointers for indirect addressing. The processor is Harvard with a RAM of 8x256 bits, and a ROM that can be resized from 17x252 bits to 17x8K bits. Additionally, it has one 8-bit input port, one 8-bit output port, and one 8-bit address port, which means that the processor can address more than 256 8-bit output and input ports/devices. Results: The developed processor, named "ZA-SUA," was compared with PICOBLAZE softcore and other three similar processors of free distribution in the Web, and some improvements over those were found. Criteria such as the Flip Flops used, occupied LUTs, Slices in use, and maximum delay of each processor were analyzed, all these results were obtained from the implementation of the processors in the Xilinx FPGAs. Conclusions: The designed architecture is composed by two accumulators, which can be used either as source or destination for the operation of the ALU. This fact gives some flexibility to the design, doing it better than a single-accumulator processor, and getting it closer to the register-based processors.

RESUMENEl presente artículo expone de forma breve los conceptos claves relacionados con la implementación y construcción de sensores de bajo costo para el kit de robótica LEGO Mindstorms NXT. El kit principalmente consta de un bloque inteligente con cuatro puertos de entrada que permiten capturar la información que proviene de distintos sensores. Estos se pueden programar a partir de software como LeJOS, BRICXCC y LabVIEW entre otros. En este documento se muestra el proceso necesario para el diseño e implementación de librerías en estos lenguajes, con el fin de poner en funcionamiento los sensores de bajo costo construidos, y de esta manera brindar pautas y herramientas necesarias para que el usuario y estudiante pueda implementar sus propios S.B.C1. Se exponen puntos claves en cuanto a la conexión y adaptación de los S.B.C al NXT y sus diferencias con respecto a los sensores originales del kit y los homologados. ABSTRACTThis paper briefly presents the key concepts related to the implementation and construction of low-cost sensors for the LEGO Mindstorms robotics kit NXT. The kit mainly consists of a smart block with four input ports that capture the information coming from different sensors. These can be scheduled from as LeJOS software, and LabVIEW BRICXCC among others. This document shows the process necessary for the design and implementation of libraries in these languages, in order to operate low-cost sensors built, and thus provide guidelines and tools for user and student to implement SBC1 their own.. Key points are discussed in terms of connection and adaptation of the NXT SBC and its differences with respect to the original sensors and approved kit.