The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection in goat flocks on semi-arid rangelands of northeastern Mexico (25° N, 350-400 mm annual precipitation). The study included 668 pluriparous goats from 18 herds in five municipalities of Coahuila and Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Five genetic groups were considered (predominance of Boer, Nubian, Alpine, Saanen, and Toggenburg). Fecal samples were taken from the rectum of each animal to determine the number of eggs per gram (EPG) of GIN. The prevalence of flocks with GIN infections was 88.9%. Similar results were observed for the number of goats infected in the flocks. The Alpine breed presented the highest prevalence and highest EPG loads of GIN, whereas Boer and Nubian were the genetic groups with the lowest (P < 0.05) EPG. There was a negative effect of GIN infection on the live weight of goats (P < 0.05). The GIN genera found were Trichostrongylus spp. and Haemonchus spp. It was concluded that in the goat flocks of the semi-arid zones of Mexico was found a high prevalence of infections with gastrointestinal nematodes. The municipality and the breed of the animals were factors that showed influence on this prevalence and the level of infection of the goats.
<p class="Resumen">El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la fecha del primer parto de vacas Charolais sobre su eficiencia productiva en un sistema vaca - cría del sureste de Coahuila, México. Se analizó una década de información del hato para probar tal efecto. Cada animal (n=201) se asignó a uno de dos grupos consecutivos de pariciones de 42 días, conforme a la fecha de su primer parto. Las vacas que parieron temprano perdieron esta característica en partos subsecuentes; la repetibilidad (Ri) de la fecha al parto fue de 0,25, lo que indica que el mejoramiento de la fertilidad, desechando vacas cuyo primer parto fue tardío, sería modesto. La edad y peso al destete de las crías presentaron tendencias similares (p≤0,01). Las Ri del peso al destete de las crías y de la eficiencia al destete de la vaca fueron 0,11 y 0,27, respectivamente. El peso al destete de las vacas (Ri=0,66) respondió de manera cuadrática al número de parto, pero las que tuvieron el primer parto tardío consistentemente pesaron menos. Los animales cuyo primer parto ocurrió al inicio de la estación de partos, tuvieron mayor eficiencia en su vida productiva, como resultado de su comportamiento en dicho parto. La baja Ri de la fecha al parto indicó que esta variable fue sensible a las prácticas de manejo reproductivo y alimenticio del hato.</p><div> </div>
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