BACKGROUND:Deaths from motorcycle accident injuries have remained a major public health issue in Nigeria over the years.AIM:The study is to determine the age and gender distribution of the victims and to identify the cause of death and the anatomical pattern of injuries seen.METHODOLOGY:This is a 5-year autopsy-based study of all motorcycle accident deaths seen in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital between December 2009 and November 2014. The data were retrieved from autopsy reports, hospital case notes extracts from police diary and were analysed using SPSS version 20.RESULTS:Motorcycle accidents accounted for 156 (2.8%) of all the autopsies done (5,661), and 156 (18.4%) of all Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) autopsies (849) performed over the study period, with a male: female ratio of 6:1. The peak age of victims was 31-40 years (30.9%). Head injuries accounted for most (41.4%) of the injuries seen, and the majority of the victims died of craniocerebral injury 53 (50.7%).CONCLUSION:This study showed that males in the fourth decade of life are the major victims of motorcycle accident death. The majority of the victims were the rider of the motorcycle. Most of them died of the craniocerebral injury.

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Background: There are many cases that present to the emergency room as brought in dead (BID) and in such cases, previous medical history of the deceased is unknown. Many of the medical problems are either preventable or treatable if managed on time. This study is aimed to determine the age, gender and causes of BID. Results: This is a 6 year retrospective autopsy study of all BID patients in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2015. The data were retrieved from the autopsy reports and were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 18. Test for statistical significance was set as p < 0.05. There were 1016 BID recorded representing 9.3% of all deaths during the period under study. A total of 569 cases of BID that were analysed in this study after excluding hypertension related deaths. The male to female ratio was 1.37:1. The 4th decade was the predominant age group (22.7%). Cardiovascular (25.5%), Asphyxia related (23.0%), Gastrointestinal tract [GIT] (16.5%) and respiratory (15.1%) were the common system seen. Thromboembolism and haemorrhage, drowning, severe dehydration and tuberculosis were the most common causes of cardiovascular, asphyxia, GIT and respiratory system deaths respectively. Conclusions: Cardiovascular system related death was the most common cause of BID with thromboembolism and haemorrhage as major secondary causes. Tuberculosis was the commonest cause of respiratory system death. BIDs are seen more in male than the female gender. There is need for the government to increase the awareness and health seeking behaviour among the populace.

Breast carcinoma is a disease of utmost concern to the individual, family, and society at large. The current trend in the management of breast carcinoma also involves hormonal therapy. Consequently, the hormone expression of the tumor in the individual involved must be known if he or she is to benefit from such therapy. This is a prospective study of estrogen and progesterone receptors as well as Her-2/neu overexpression in all breast carcinomas seen at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria, between April, 1, 2016, and September, 30, 2018. The total number of cases analyzed during the period under study was 107, comprising 105 women and 2 men with an age range of 26 to 88 years and a mean age of 52 ± 13 years. The tumors fell into histologic grade II (71.0%) and grade III (29.0%). They expressed ER, PR, and Her-2/neu positivity in 42.1%, 33.6%, and 30.8% of the cases, respectively. Triple-negative breast cancer was 35.5%. Male breast cancers presented as invasive ductal carcinoma and exhibit similar staining pattern as the female breast cancer. In conclusion, this study shows that breast carcinomas occurred predominantly in females of younger age and present with tumors, most of which were of high grade and exhibit triple negativity. This observation is relevant to any therapeutic decisions and management of these patients. Improvement in breast carcinoma screening programs so that the disease can be detected early is also advocated.

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