Tendency of the post-positivism sociology family to define the social meaning of humans as a way of living together between humans. The social meaning is drawn from the interactions between them and has not included the associative rules with the ecosphere (biotic and abiotic) as forming the social meaning. And conversely, certain parties, from among scientists, even environmental activists, do not include the definition of the environment as having a "personality". In the midst of the ecological crisis context, this paper tries to re-interpret this meaning socio-ecologically. The goal is to obtain alternatives to respond to the environmental crisis in Indonesia. We conceptualize the perspective of Actor Network Theory, or what is also called Actant Rhizome, by Bruno Latour. He discusses that social meaning is no longer centered on humans and society is no longer human society. Rather, society is any non-human entity in the ecosphere, technosphere and sociophere (human environment) which satisfies the presupposition of interaction, which he calls “active”. For Latour, in an era of ecological crisis, many people will mutate themselves according to that crisis. Theologically, it can then be further reflected in the socio-ecological meaning of society, including the mutated whole.AbstrakKecenderungan rumpun sosiologi pascapositivisme mendefinisikan makna sosial manusia sebagai cara hidup bersama antarmanusia. Makna sosialnya ditarik dari interaksi antara manusia dan belum memasukkan kaidah asosiatif ke dalam ekosfer sebagai pembentuk makna sosial tersebut. Sebaliknya, pihak tertentu, dari kalangan saintis, bahkan pegiat lingkungan kurang memasukan definisi lingkungan hidup sebagai yang memiliki ‘kepribadian’. Di tengah konteks krisis ekologi di Indonesia, tulisan ini mencoba memaknai ulang makna tersebut secara sosio-ekologis. Tujuannya supaya memperoleh alternatif menanggapi krisis lingkungan. Studi ini mempertimbangkan perspektif Teori Jaringan-Aktor (actor-network theory), atau yang juga disebut Actant Rhizome, oleh Bruno Latour. Ia mendiskursuskan bahwa makna sosial tidak lagi berpusat pada manusia dan masyarakat bukan saja masyarakat manusia. Tetapi juga setiap entitas non-manusia dalam ekosfer, teknosfer dan sosiofer yang memenuhi pengandaian interaksi, yang ia sebut ‘aktan’.
Apakah ada peluang bagi diskursus tentang dialog kemanusiaan antara kekristenan dan ateisme dalam tatanan diskursif, praktis dan lebih menukik pada relasi antarspiritualitas? Dalam tulisan ini saya akan mencoba mengupayakan peluang tersebut secara imajinatif. Saya berpendapat bahwa usaha menjembatani dialog kemanusiaan antara kekristenan dan ateisme dapat dilangsung dengan menerima posisi keduanya sebagai zona “spiritual” yang dapat diperbandingkan (commensurability) sekaligus tidak dapat diperbandingkan (incommensurability). Tesis tulisan ini dilahirkan dari usaha saya memantau perkembangan relasi keduanya, dengan menengok usaha André Comte-Sponville, yang memang sedang mengembangkan diskursus “spiritualitas tanpa Tuhan.” Dengan pendekatan kritis, spiritualitas tanpa Tuhan akan dibingkai sebagai diskursus bersama dengan spiritualitas trinitaris kosmis dalam rangka mengonstruksi perspektif dialog kemanusiaan. Arah dan manfaat konstruksi ini adalah untuk mengalami spiritualitas trinitaris setelah mempertimbangkan pesan kritis (dialog) dari spiritualitas ateisme sebagai usaha berteologi di tengah krisis kemanusiaan (dan juga ekologi), sebagai perkara historis masa kini dalam konteks Indonesia yang cukup diwarnai kekerasan dan disfungsi sosial agama.
In this century, we repeat religion-based violence and mixed with politics from the past. Beyond that, the basis of this form of violence is because it emphasizes the aspects of exclusion in diversity. All of these forms have an impact on the lowest universal value, namely human dignity (also the nature). We would indeed talk about the dignity of creation including the universe. But at this time, the purpose of this paper will only discuss how dignity has reflected only on the limits of human dignity from a theological-philosophical perspective. Especially for building a culture of peace. The dignity of the 'Liyan' must be seen as 'text'. There are many approaches and disciplines for that. However, I try to construct it at the most basic level of efforts to build a culture of peace, namely the interpersonal level. Therefore, the ethics of relations is using to re-read human dignity in diversity to reach the point of encounter, and the values of dignified relation rather than exclusion, and all violence forms as a final consequence.Keywords: the culture of peace, violence, theological-philosophical, ethical relations, diversity.
Abstract As a social and cultural phenomenon, shamanism and possession are often mistakenly understood. The point of view at issue in these two forms of demonology is how we monitor the beginning of its proposition, not just the preposition that departs from the practice of pastoral, but its context-based epistemology. This is due to the difference in the peculiarities of the counseling model in the West and the East, especially Asia. Second, from theological heritage, we rarely understand both phenomena from demonology theology. Third, this paper aims to clarify the pathology of understanding of shamanism and bleakness that is always chaotic, namely sharpening the diff erence between spiritist and social demonology, by using the cross-cultural dan religion-based pastoral. Abstrak Sebagai fenomena sosial dan kultural, shamanisme dan kesurupan sering dipahami secara keliru. Titik pandang yang menjadi persoalan pada dua bentuk demonologis tersebut ialah bagaimana kita memantau awal preposisinya, bukan hanya sekadar preposisi yang bertolak dari praktek pastoralia, tetapi dari epistemologinya yang berbasis konteks. Hal ini disebabkan ada perbedaan kekhasan model konseling di Barat dan di Timur, khususnya Asia. Kedua, dari sudut warisan teologi, kita jarang memahami kedua fenomena tersebut dari titik pandang teologi demonology. Ketiga, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memperjelas patologi pemahaman atas shamanisme dan kesurupan yang selalu kaotik, yaitu menajamkan perbedaan antara demonologi spiritis dan sosial, dengan menggunakan bingai pastoral lintas budaya dan agama.
This article explains gender inequality that has emerged in the ecological crisis, particularly domestic environmental pollution. On the one hand, this injustice reduces nature and its sacredness and, at the same time, reduces women. Respond to this crisis is by constructing an eco-feminism-liturgical spirituality. I argue that the praxis of ecofeminism and liturgical spirituality leads to concerns about ecological justice and gender. Therefore, this paper shows a reconstructive effort on the idea of ecofeminist spirituality with liturgical theology regarding environmental pollution and gender-based injustice through a constructive theological method. The liturgy is explored to the point that it ultimately has an ecological, public, and domestic character. This reconstruction of the idea has three benefits. Firstly, presenting transexist and ecological images of the God of the Trinity and scrutinizing parental metaphors. Secondly, to emphasize spiritual praxis with emancipatory dimensions in the public and domestic spheres. It is thirdly, affirming the ecological role of women in one living system and opposing the paradigm pathos, ant(d)ropocentric and Cartesianism. AbstrakPenelitian ini memberi penjelasan mengenai ketidakadilan gender yang muncul dalam krisis ekologi, khususnya pencemaran lingkungan domestik. Di satu sisi ketidakadilan tersebut mereduksi alam beserta sakralitasnya dan pada saat bersamaan mereduksi kaum perempuan. Usaha untuk merespons krisis tersebut ialah dengan mengonstruksi spiritualitas ekofeminisme-liturgis. Saya berpendapat bahwa spiritualitas ekofeminisme-liturgis sangat bersifat praksis dan mengarah pada keprihatinan keadilan ekologis dan gender. Karena itu, melalui metode teologi konstruktif, tulisan ini menunjukkan usaha rekonstruktif atas gagasan spiritualitas ekofeminis dengan teologi liturgis perihal pencemaran lingkungan hidup dan ketidakadilan berbasis gender. Liturgi digali sampai ke arti akhaiknya memiliki sifat ekologis, publik dan domestik. Rekonstruksi gagasan dimaksud memiliki tiga manfaat. Pertama, menghadirkan gambaran transexist dan ekologis pada Allah Trinitas dan mengkritisi metafora parental. Kedua, untuk menegaskan praksis spiritual yang berdimensi emansipatoris di ranah publik dan domestik. Ketiga, menegaskan peran ekologis perempuan dalam satu sistem kehidupan dan menentang patos paradigma, ant(d)roposentris dan Cartesianisme.
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