<p>A aplicação de compostos clorados na desinfeção da água pode induzir à formação de subprodutos da desinfeção (SPD) com efeitos carcinogénicos e mutagénicos comprovados. Neste trabalho, apresenta-se uma síntese de um estudo sobre a ocorrência de trihalometanos (THM) na água de abastecimento, realizado nos catorze municípios do distrito de Braga (Portugal), visando a avaliação do risco de cancro (RC) e de efeitos não carcinogénicos (HI) com base na metodologia desenvolvida pela USEPA e IRIS. Num cenário gravoso, correspondente à prevalência da maior concentração de THM detetada no período monitorizado, o indicador RC daria valores superiores ao limite máximo definido como negligenciável, verificando-se ser a ingestão a via de exposição mais relevante. Os resultados obtidos para o indicador HI foram quase sempre inferiores à unidade, indicando um nível de risco aceitável, de acordo com os pressupostos do método utilizado. O uso de indicadores do risco para a saúde constitui uma ferramenta útil quer no apoio à decisão das entidades gestoras de sistemas de abastecimento de água, quer na definição de estratégias e políticas de saúde pública que visem a mitigação deste risco.</p><p> </p><p>HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT FROM EXPOSURE TO TRIHALOMETHANES IN DRINKING WATER</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>Chlorination have brought enormous benefits to the preservation of public health as a low-cost disinfection method, but it can generate several halogenated organic compounds, as disinfection by-products (DBP), with potential and proven carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. This work presents a synthesis of the study performed in water supply systems of the fourteen municipalities of Braga district (Portugal), aiming at the evaluation of life time cancer risk (CR index), and the risk of non-carcinogenic effects (HI‑Hazard Index) from exposure to THMs, using a method proposed by USEPA and IRIS. In a severe scenario, corresponding to the prevalence of maximum THM concentration occurred during the monitored period, the CR index would achieve values higher than the maximum limit defined as negligible for all these municipalities. The HI index results were often lower than one, which is considered as an acceptable risk level. The use of health risk indicators can be a useful tool both in supporting the decision-making of water supply utilities and in the definition of public health strategies/policies for risk mitigation in order to increase the life quality and the wellness of populations.</p><p> </p>
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