Carrier temperature in InAs quantum dot (QD) optical amplifiers has been formalized theoretically by using the double‐excited states system. High current injection gives high carrier temperature and a punch in the curve appears at low current due to the ground state carrier contribution. Increasing carrier‐heating time increased carrier temperature. It is shown the slow relaxation for both the wetting layer to QD and the interdot relaxations are given high carrier temperature. Pulses with wide full width at half‐maximum give high carrier temperature since its recovery time is increased. Free carrier absorption gives a main contribution to the heat in the QD structure.

In this work, localized surface plasmon resonance based fiber optic (LSPR-FO) sensor utilizing gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with different sizes is theoretically constructed and analyzed. Three layers (fiber core, Au NPs, and the Analyte) configuration designed by using the matrix method. Performance parameters such as sensitivity, signal to noise ratio, the figure of merit, and resolution of the sensor are evaluated for each size of Au NPs. As a result, sensitivity and resolution exhibit no change with Au NPs size change while the signal to noise ratio and figure of merit decrease as Au NPs size increase. This work shows that the optimized LSPR-FO sensor may have highly promising applications in chemical sensing.

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Aerosol particles in oil fire plumes caused crucial air pollution. The smoke plumes from the blazes initially launched 200-400 m into the air and then continued to rise. The presence of liquid and solid aerosols may cause severe disturbance to the propagation of optical and infrared waves, thus can produce harmful effects on the wireless communication systems. In this paper, we analyze the bit error rate (BER), single to noise ratio (SNR), Q- factor and outage performance of single-input single-output (SISO) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) FSO systems under attenuation of dense smoke conditions. Obtained results demonstrated that the performance of (SISO) FSO link is degraded from the Fog, Smoke and acid-rain Attenuation due to their chemical nature, their size and their concentration. As well, (MIMO) FSO link is a highly efficient way can be minimal smoke pollution effects

This paper deals with the effect of magnetic field of a straight Conductor on data transmission in optical fiber communication systems. A proposed method utilized to measure the stability of system performance. The experimental and simulation results demonstrated that the system instability increases effectively under the effect of external Magnetic Field. The experimental results show linear dependence of the output power fluctuation with the low magnetic field. Furthermore, for higher magnetic field values the maximum probability values of the output power close to110%. Moreover, high values of Q-factor (≥ 6) indicate a lower rate of received signal loss and the effect of the external magnetic field can be neglected in common applications.