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Aims: The use of herbicide effectively controls weeds in agricultural practice. However, its release to the surrounding surface water bodies may lead to environmental issues. The aim of this study was to isolate the bacteria that were able to remove 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (2,2-DCP) from a paddy field located in Malang. Methodology and results: The 2,2-DCP degrading bacteria were isolated and their ability to grow on higher 2,2-DCP concentrations (50 and 80 mM) was tested. Bacterial degradation of 2,2-DCP was examined through measurement of released chloride ions. The potential isolates were identified according to their 16S rDNA sequences. Two potential isolates, BB9.2 and BC14.3 were observed for their growth on 20, 50, and 80 mM 2,2-DCP. Isolate BC14.3 had the shortest cell doubling time of approximately 4.1 h with 100% 2,2-DCP (20 mM) utilization, whereas BB9.2 was only able to degrade 80% of 2,2-DCP at the same concentration. The 16S rDNA gene sequences suggested that BB9.2 and BC14.3 belong to Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, respectively. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Bacterial strains with 2,2-DCP degrading potentials were successfully isolated from long-term exposed agricultural soil. They demonstrated notable utilization of the organic halide. This is the first time that strains of A. calcoaceticus and P. plecoglossicida were reported to utilize 2,2-DCP.

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Persistent evolution of multidrug resistance bacteria due to inappropriate use of conventional antibiotics is undermining treatment intervention for infectious diseases, thus constituting substantial proportion of the global public health problem. This, necessitated the search and development of new drugs particularly from plant origin that are effective against such superbugs. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the phytochemical constituents in Sida acuta and their antibacterial effects on pathogenic bacterial species of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. The phytochemical components of the extract were identified using standard methods. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the leaf extract against the bacterial pathogens were assessed using agar well diffusion and broth dilution method, at varying concentrations of the extract (37.50, 75, 150 and 300 mg/ml), and using Commercially obtained ciprofloxacin as control. Preliminary screening revealed that ethanolic leaf extract possesses many secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides and cardiac glycosides. The extract exhibited significant inhibitory effects at (p