Introduction. Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is the primary pathogen causing hospital-acquired infections. The spread of CRAB is mainly driven by the dissemination of resistant clones, and in Latin America, International Clones IC-1 (also known as clonal complex CC1), IC-4 (CC15) and IC-5 (CC79) are the most prevalent. Gap Statement. There are no documented outbreaks of CRAB International Clone 2 (IC-2) reported in Brazil. Aim. To describe a large outbreak of CRAB caused by the uncommon IC-2 in a Brazilian COVID-19 hospital. Methodology. From May 2020 to May 2021, 224 patients infected or colonized with CRAB were identified in a single hospital; 92 % of them were also infected with SARS-CoV-2. From these patients, 137 isolates were recovered and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, PCR analysis and molecular typing. Whole-genome sequencing and downstream analysis were carried out on a representative isolate (the first available isolate). Results. In 76 % of the patients, a single OXA-23-producing CRAB IC-2 was identified. All the isolates were susceptible to polymyxin B, but highly resistant (>95 %) to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and beta-lactams. Genomic analysis revealed that the representative isolate also carried the 16S rRNA Methylase ArmA, which was detected for the first time in this species in Brazil. Conclusion. We report the rapid spread of an emerging CRAB clone responsible for causing a large outbreak in a hospital in Brazil, a country with predominance of other CRAB clones. Continuous and prospective surveillance is warranted to evaluate the impact of this clone in Brazilian hospital settings.

AgradecimentosEste trabalho não teria acontecido sem a colaboração de muitas pessoas.Meus agradecimentos a todos que estiveram presentes em torno da criação deste trabalho, pois cada um colaborou com aquilo que tinha. Agradecimentos especiais: À Faculdade de Saúde Pública.  Ao Prof. Dr. Péricles Alves Nogueira, meu orientador, por termos aprendido a conviver e a aceitar as diferenças um do outro e por ter me ajudado a amadurecer intelectualmente. Conclusões-Com este estudo observamos que o paquímetro pode ser considerado equivalente à régua milimetrada e poderá ser uma alternativa à régua para a leitura do teste tuberculínico no Brasil, principalmente para a busca de casos de tuberculose latente na rotina dos serviços de saúde, por ser um bom instrumento de separação dos indivíduos e não é suficiente para aferir um novo leitor. Entretanto, a régua deverá ser mantida, especialmente para inquéritos epidemiológicos. The comparative results between the two instruments were high and equivalent (sensitivity=93% and specificity=97%). The average correlation was high among the two instruments (95.5%) and the disagreement was low (4.5%). The Ministry of Health recommends a concordance above 80% for benchmarking new readers. Conclusions- CURRÍCULOS LATTES 99Currículo -Orientador 99Currículo -Orientanda