The objective of this study was to adapt a nonlinear model (Wang and Engel - WE) for simulating the phenology of maize (Zea mays L.), and to evaluate this model and a linear one (thermal time), in order to predict developmental stages of a field-grown maize variety. A field experiment, during 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 was conducted in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, in two growing seasons, with seven sowing dates each. Dates of emergence, silking, and physiological maturity of the maize variety BRS Missões were recorded in six replications in each sowing date. Data collected in 2005/2006 growing season were used to estimate the coefficients of the two models, and data collected in the 2006/2007 growing season were used as independent data set for model evaluations. The nonlinear WE model accurately predicted the date of silking and physiological maturity, and had a lower root mean square error (RMSE) than the linear (thermal time) model. The overall RMSE for silking and physiological maturity was 2.7 and 4.8 days with WE model, and 5.6 and 8.3 days with thermal time model, respectively.
421", "IRGA 416", "IRGA 417", "IRGA 420", "BRS 7 TAIM" e "EPAGRI 109". O
RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a temperatura base para aparecimento de folhas e o filocrono em uma
ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e comparar as variáveis de crescimento, o desenvolvimento e os componentes de produtividade de raízes e hastes de cinco cultivares de mandioca em ambiente subtropical no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O experimento de campo foi conduzido nos anos agrícolas de 2010-2011 e 2011-2012, em Santa Maria, RS, com cinco cultivares de mandioca (Fepagro-RS13, Fepagro-RS14, Estrangeira, Fécula Branca e Cascuda) no delineamento blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições em esquema bifatorial. Foram coletadas variáveis de crescimento e desenvolvimento como área foliar, altura de plantas e número de folhas e componentes de produtividade de raízes e hastes. As cultivares Fepagro-RS13 e Fepagro-RS14 possuem maior IAF com elevada produção de parte aérea e maior altura total comparadas às das cultivares Estrangeira, Fécula Branca e Cascuda por emitirem maior quantidade de ramificações simpodiais. As cultivares Fepagro-RS13 e Fepagro-RS14 possuem elevada produção tanto de parte aérea quanto de raiz, enquanto as cultivares Estrangeira, Cascuda e Fécula Branca possuem maior aptidão para produção de raízes tuberosas em ambiente subtropical no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.Palavras-chave: Manihot esculenta Crantz, desenvolvimento, raízes tuberosas, hastes, componentes de produtividade. Performance of cassava cultivars in subtropical environment AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate and compare variables of growth, development and yield components of roots and stems of five cassava cultivars in subtropical environment in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A field experiment was conducted in the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 growing seasons at Santa Maria, RS, with five cassava cultivars, Fepagro -RS 13, Fepagro -RS 13, Fepagro -RS 14, Estrangeira, Fécula Branca and Cascuda in a randomized block design with four replicates and a two factor scheme. Variables of growth and development such as leaf area, plant height and leaf number and yield components of roots and stems were collected. The cultivars Fepagro -RS 13 and Fepagro -RS 14 have the highest LAI, above-ground biomass and height compared to the cultivars Estrangeira, Fécula Branca and Cascuda, because the former have greater sympodial branching. Cultivars Fepagro -RS13 and Fepagro -RS 14 have high production of both above-ground and tuber roots whereas cultivars Estrangeira, Cascuda and Fécula Branca are adapted for tuber roots production in subtropical environment of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
The Wang and Engel (WE) model simulates crop development considering the non-linear response of plant development to temperature. Daily air temperature is the input for the temperature response function [f(T)] in the WE 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 growing seasons. The f(T) in the WE model was calculated using daily mean air temperature calculated as the arithmetic average of daily minimum (TN) and maximum (TX) air temperatures (WE Tmean ), and calculating an f(T) using TN and an f(T) using TX and then averaging the two f(T)s (WE Tmm) RESUMO O modelo Wang e Engel (WE) simula o desenvolvimento das culturas considerando uma resposta não-linear do desenvolvimento das plantas à temperatura. A temperatura diária do ar é o dado de entrada na função de resposta à temperatura [f(T)] no modelo WE e, em função de haver várias maneiras de calcular a temperatura diária, há várias maneiras de calcular a f(T). O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar duas versões do modelo WE para a simulação do número de folhas e dos estágios de desenvolvimento em milho, considerando dois métodos de entrada da temperatura diária do ar (temperatura média diária do ar e temperatura mínima/ máxima diária do ar). Um experimento de campo com a variedade de milho BRS
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