This study investigated the associations of muscular fitness and various indicators of body fatness with cardio-metabolic risk factors and determined the muscular strength and body fatness thresholds for detecting a high risk of cardio-metabolic dysfunction in young adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1798 collegiate students (61.5% females, mean age 20.5 years). Muscular fitness was determined by using a handgrip strength test and normalized grip strength (NGS = handgrip (kg)/body mass (kg)). Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), percentage of fat mass (BF%), fat-mass index (FMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHR) were also included as body fatness measurements. A high cardio-metabolic risk cluster was derived by assessing triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, fasting glucose, and blood pressure. Logistic regression models showed that men and women with lower NGS had an increased cardio-metabolic risk odds ratio (OR) = 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 2.9, p = 0.006, and OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.5, p = 0.036, respectively). In both sexes, higher levels of all fatness parameters were also associated with increased cardio-metabolic risk (p < 0.001). In both men and women, high FMI had the highest OR for clustered risk (OR = 4.7, 95% CI 2.6 to 8.4, and OR = 7.3, 95% CI 3.4 to 9.7, p < 0.001, respectively). Combined analysis showed that unfitness (lower NGS) and high fat had the highest OR for WC and FMI in men and women, respectively (OR = 5.5, 95% CI 2.6 to 11.4, OR = 7.7, 95% CI 2.3 to 15.8, p < 0.01). Muscular strength and body fatness are independently and jointly associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in young adults, which suggests that both are predictor variables for this.

Introducción: El consumo de drogas, en general, se ha extendido alrededor de todo el mundo y por ende, se considera un problema grave de salud pública, que le concierne a los sistemas de salud, puesto que estas son unas sustancias que producen adicción; ello conlleva el deterioro cognitivo, con mayor énfasis en memoria, aprendizaje y también pérdida del control interno. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y factores asociados al consumo de marihuana durante el último mes y alguna vez en la vida, en estudiantes universitarios colombianos de una universidad pública entre 18 y 25 años de edad. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, en 474 sujetos sanos entre los 18 y 25 años, de Pamplona, Colombia. Los factores asociados al consumo de marihuana (género,  creencia religiosa, semestre académico, estrato, edad, consumo de cigarrillo y consumo de alcohol), se recogieron por encuesta estructurada. Se calcularon prevalencias de cada factor y se establecieron asociaciones mediante la construcción de modelos de regresión. Resultados: Se encontró al momento de la encuesta que el 7,1% de los estudiantes habían  consumido marihuana en el último mes, y un 22% manifestaron haberla usado al menos una vez. Los modelos de regresión muestran que tener el hábito tabáquico se asoció con el uso de marihuana (OR 23,33 IC95% 6,92-78,68). Conclusiones: El consumo de marihuana en la población estudiada fue alta y factores como el consumo de cigarrillos se encuentran asociados con el de marihuana. Estos datos podrían utilizarse para ofrecer programas de intervención educativa.AbstractIntroduction: Drug use in general has spread around the world and, therefore, it is considered to be a serious public health problem that concerns health systems, since they are substances that produce addiction and entails cognitive impairment with greater emphasis on memory, learning and loss of internal control. Objective: To determine prevalence and associated factors to marijuana consumption during the last month and once in a lifetime in public university students in Colombia who are between 18 to 25 years old. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was performed in 474 healthy subjects between 18 to 25 years old in Pamplona, Colombia. The associated factors to marijuana consumption (gender, religious belief, academic semester, social status, age, smoking and alcohol consumption.), were collected by a structured survey. Prevalence for each factor was calculated and associated factors were established through the construction of regression models. Results: At the time of the survey, it was found that 7.1% of students smoked marijuana in the last month and 22% expressed having used it at least once. The regression models show that having the habit of smoking cigarette was associated to marijuana consumption (OR 23.33 CI95% 6.92-78.68). Conclusions: Marijuana use in the study population was high and factors such as the consumption of cigarettes are associated with that of marijuana. These data could be used to provide educational intervention programs.