The age-associated adiposity and the effect of long-term vitamin D was studied in vitamin D deficient rats. In in vivo experiments, the influence of a 9 months of vitamin D treatment (weekly oral gavage with 0.125 mg vitamin D3 (5000 IU)/100g body weight) on the adipocyte precursors from the omental adipose tissue was examinated. In in vitro experiment, rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs) were induced to differentiate into adipocytes in the presence or absence of 25(OH)D3 (0.25, 25, and 2500 nmol/L). ASCs derived from vitamin D-treated animals showed an increase adipogenic potential as compared to vitamin D-deficient rats. The addition of 25(OH)D3 inhibits the adipocyte differentiation and lipid deposition in a dose dependent manner.
Obesity is a major cause of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation. Ghrelin (GHRL), through its growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) present on adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs), could modulate AT inflammation.
Regenerative medicine is a promising approach for addressing musculoskeletal disorders. Successful implementation of regenerative therapies is based upon existence of reliable, easy accessible cell sources. Mesenchymal tissues removed during total knee replacement (TKR) were investigated as a potential autologous stem cell source. Materials and methods Samples were collected from patients undergoing primary TKR mononuclear cells from adipose and synovial tissue; subchondral trabecular bone and osteoarthritic cartilage were isolated and assessed in terms of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) content. Results MSCs obtained from all the investigated tissue types and from all donors showed proliferative, differentiation and surface markers characteristic of stemness. Important number of MSCs could be obtained in the first passage (P0). Mesenchymal tissues removed during TJR can qualitatively and quantitatively function as autologous MSC sources to be considered for regenerative therapies.
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