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The role of trees in carbon sequestration is of major importance in this global context of global warming. In view of the extent of degradation of forest resources in Casamance, it is necessary to evaluate the carbon stock potential of the secondary forests and cashew tree plantation, which are the main forest formations in this part of Senegal. For this purpose, an allometric equation was used to estimate the dry biomass. This assessment was made based on a floristic inventory carried out using 150 plots dimension 20 m x 20 m and the secondary forest 96 plots dimension 50 m x 50 m. The results show that the species richness in the secondary forest is 45 species with a density of 696 individuals / ha. In the cashew tree park, it is 8 species with a density of 205 individuals / ha. A comparison of carbon stock shows that the secondary forest has a potential of 58.274 t C/ha and 109.398 t C/ha for cashew tree plantation with a significant difference (p = 3.09e -12 ). The CO2 equivalent varies respectively from 213.69 t/ha for the secondary forest and 401.14 t/ha for the cashew tree plantation (p = 1.14e -12 ). This study shows that cashew tree plantation have a higher carbon sequestration potential than secondary forest and contribute significantly to the reduction of CO2 emissions to the atmosphere.

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