Extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis and Genista microcephala were obtained by Soxhlet extraction. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical evaluation of their chemical constituents were considered and showed in comprehensive encouraging results. Rosmarinus officinalis is a spice and medicinal herb widely used around the world. Accordingly, Genista microcephala phytochemicals activity of plant extracts and antimicrobial also was assessed with antibiotic susceptible and resistant microorganisms. In addition, the potential synergistic effects when associated with antibiotics were studied. Furthermore, the crude extract of plants evaluated antimicrobial activities were related with antibiotic insecure and resistant microorganisms. Whatever are more the potential synergistic effects when related with antibiotics were considered, and the crude extracts of both plants exhibited abundant antimicrobial potentials that are the aim of this study.

Medicinal plants gain attention due to theirs extensive treatment and have fewer side effects. In actual fact, plants were the mere basis of healing till the initiation of manufactured pharmaceutical products during previous years. The aim of this study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis and anti-bacterial activity for medicinal plant "Retama", "raetem (forssk) Webb". The plant "Retama" was extracted by using Soxhlet apparatus with appropriate solvents (aqueous and ethyl alcohol separately), The phytochemical screening (qualitatively) of leafs crude extracts showed a presence of Carbohydrates, Tannins, Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Flavonoids, Cardiac Glycosides, Saponins, Fatty Acids, Protein, Amino Acid, Steroids, and Flavonoids. And absent of Fatty Acids, Coumarins, Anthraquinone and Terpenoids. In addition the phytochemical screening (quantitatively) showed the highest concentrations were saponins (10%), Flavonoids (9%) and then alkaloids (8%) were observed. The antibacterial activity of leafs crude extracts (Aqueous and Ethanolic) of the plant was confirmed by using two Gram-positive bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis) and two Gram-negative bacterial strains (Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli). Where was determined by Disc Diffusion Method on nutrient agar medium. The treatments also included of used solvents and Antibiotics (Augmentin, Amoxicillin, Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime) attended as a standard controls. The late were incubated for 24 h at 37ºC and zone of inhibition if any around the discs were measured in mm (millimeter). The tested plant crude extracts have a good antibacterial activity against E. coli for aqueous extract with an inhibition zone of 11mm and with an inhibition zone of 12mm for ethanolic extract and Staphylococcus Aureus with an inhibition zone of 9mm for ethanolic extract and with an inhibition zone of 8mm for aqueous extract and Staphylococcus Epidermis with an inhibition zone of 8mm for ethanolic extract, and with an inhibition zone of 9mm for aqueous extract, while moderate antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia with an inhibition zone of 7mm for ethanolic extract and with an inhibition zone of 6mm for aqueous extract compared with appropriate antibiotics used.

This work addresses the possibilities of using synthesized novel magnesium complex dyes in zinc pigmented organic coatings based on epoxyester resin to reduce the zinc content in these coatings while maintaining or increasing the anticorrosive efficiency of them. The magnesium complexes Mg-Dye-I (C34H26MgN8O6), Mg-Dye-II (C26H19MgN3O5), Mg-Dye-III (C17H10MgN2O3), and Mg-Dye-IV (C25H18MgN4O6) with a series of azo carboxylate ligands were prepared from the diazo-coupling reaction of anthranilic acid with 5-methyl-2-phenyl-3-pyrazolone (Dye I; C17H14N4O3), anthranilic acid with naphthol AS-PH (Dye II; C26H21N3O5), anthranilic acid with 2-naphthol (Dye III; C17H12N2O3), and 2-amino-5-nitrophenol with naphthol AS-PH (Dye IV; C25H20N4O6). The synthesized novel magnesium complex dyes were characterized by analytical methods. Model coatings containing these dyes at pigment volume concentrations (PVCs) = 1, 3, 5 and 10% and zinc at a ratio of pigment volume concentration/critical pigment volume concentration (PVC/CPVC) = 0.60 were formulated to study the inhibitory properties of the individual synthesized magnesium complex dyes. Model coatings containing inorganic pigments (MgO and Ca-Mg-HPO4) at PVCs = 1%, 3%, 5% and 10% and zinc at PVC/CPVC = 0.60 were also formulated. The coating pigmented only by zinc at PVC/CPVC = 0.60 was prepared as a standard organic coating. Corrosion resistance was also evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization studies and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The properties of organic coatings were also tested using other standardized and derived corrosion tests. In addition, the mechanical properties of the studied organic coatings were determined using standard tests. The aim of the work was to verify the possible synergistic efficiency of novel magnesium complex dyes by improving the mechanical, anti-corrosion, and chemical properties of zinc pigmented organic coatings.

Four new compounds from perylene dianhydride were prepared and tested for their anti-corrosion properties. Dizinc salt of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid and dimagnesium salts of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid, 5,5′-(1,3,8,10-tetraoxo-1,3,8,10-tetrahydroanthra[2,1,9-def:6,5,10-d′e′f′] diisoquinoline-2,9-diyl) bis(2-hydroxybenzoic acid) and N,N′-bis[3,3′-(dimethylamino)propylamine]-3,4,9,10-perylenediimide were characterized by analytical methods (SEM, EDX, X-ray) and parameters used in the field of paints (density, oil number and critical volume concentrations of pigment). The pigments (in a pigment volume concentration series) were used to prepare paints also containing a perylene C26H14N2O4 (Compound I) derivative pigment plus inert titanium dioxide to maintain a constant concentration of solids in the paint film. A mixture containing zinc nitroisophthalate and both the perylene derivative and titanium dioxide served as the reference material. The paints were applied to steel panels in two layers with a ruler. The organic coatings were subjected to electrochemical measurements and accelerated cyclic corrosion tests. The highest corrosion resistance was found for the coating containing C24H8O8Mg2. Superior to the coating containing either C26H14N2O4 or the conventional corrosion inhibitor C8H5N06-Zn, this pigment type acted mainly by a mechanism based on the compound’s complexation capacity at the metallic surface/organic coating/corrosion medium interface. The organic coatings containing perylene acid salts also attained high mechanical resistance.