Objective: To compare the safety, efficacy and complications of manual vacuum aspiration (MVA ) versus surgical evacuation in low resource set up. Study Design and Setting: This crossectional study conducted at Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at Kulsoom Bai Valika Social Security SITE Hospital Karachi from January to June 2017. Methodology: A total of one hundred patients with less than 12 weeks of gestation and diagnosis of missed miscarriage, incomplete miscarriage, blighted ovum or with retained products of conception (RPOCs) were recruited and randomly allocated to MVA without anesthesia (Group A) and surgical evacuation under general Anesthesia in Operation theatre (Group B).Both groups were compared in terms of demographic and obstetric data, clinical course (need of anaesthesia, operating time, approximate blood loss and stay in hospital) ,complications(excessive bleeding, uterine perforation, need for re-evacuation/ failed procedure, sepsis and maternal death ) and patient satisfaction. Results: Mean age of patients was 28.68 in Group A and 26.90 in Group B ( P value-0.136). Average gestational age in weeks at which procedure was performed in Group A found to be 8.32 and 9.546 for Group B ( P value-0.007 ). Parity was comparable in both groups (P value-0.746). Most of the patients were literate. Mean operating time and amount of blood loss comparison among groups had no statistical difference. Average hospital stay was significantly short in MVA Group ( P value-0.001). No maternal death or uterine perforation observed in both the groups,6% and 8% of patients had excessive bleeding in Group A & Group B respectively, one patient underwent re-evacuation in MVA group and one had sepsis after surgical evacuation. Post procedure satisfaction was comparable in both the groups. Conclusion: Manual Vacuum Aspiration is comparable to surgical evacuation in terms of safety, efficacy, complications, patient satisfaction and superior in shorter hospital stay, no need of anesthesia and access to operation theater

Every person is fighting the COVID-19 epidemic, the world's first and most potent danger of the twenty-first century. The whole world's attention is focused on the worldwide pandemic, and practically every nation is impacted in some way by it. Pregnant women are more prone than their nonpregnant counterparts to acquire a more severe case of COVID-19. Numerous factors argue in favour of the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines throughout pregnancy. According to research, between 29.7% and 77.4% of pregnant women got the COVID-19 vaccination. The study focused on analysis those factors which are responsible for creating perception about vaccination against COVID-19 disease. Whether pregnant and lactating women accept it or not. It also compared the decision of pregnant and lactating women respective to working and non-working women. The study suggested COVID-19 vaccination to protect pregnant women from severe sickness and death. Infants are at risk of developing problems linked with COVID-19, including respiratory arrest and other life-threatening consequences.