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Parathyroid adenoma usually presents with the signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia due to hyperparathyroidism. Brown's tumor is the late clinical consequence of untreated hyperparathyroidism and is rarely seen now-a-days due to improved screening biochemical tests. These tumors are characterized by high orthoclastic activity and bone resorption. These are usually located in the pelvis, ribs, clavicles, and extremities. This manuscript highlights a rare presentation of brown's tumor of upper alveolus in a 35-year-old female with a previously undiagnosed case of hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma. Blood analysis depicted high levels of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone. The patient was subjected to selective left lower parathyroidectomy and will receive follow-up to prevent further developments of the disease. Clinicians should be aware of such rare presentation of parathyroid adenomas so that unnecessary extensive surgery of brown's tumor is avoided. This case also highlights the need of detailed work up to arrive at an exact diagnosis and direct surgical intervention to the adenoma rather the secondary manifestation of the disease.

Riedel's thyroiditis is a rare inflammatory process which not only involves thyroid gland but also the surrounding vital structures. It may also be associated with various forms of systemic fibrotic disorders. The exact etiology is not known, but currently most favored view is that of a localized form of systemic fibrotic process. We report a case of Riedel's thyroiditis in a patient, highlighting a rare presentation mimicking anaplastic carcinoma. Clinical awareness of such presentation of Riedel's thyroiditis would enhance our ability to make this diagnosis promptly. Apart from avoiding or minimizing aggressive surgical intervention, awareness of such clinical entity may avoid complications and hence morbidity. Our case also highlights the difficulty in histological diagnosis which is very important to rule out malignancy and avoiding any major surgical intervention fraught with complications. Good response to high dose steroids as seen in our case is the current accepted treatment of choice.

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The management of early glottic cancer has evolved significantly over the past two decades, with transoral laser microsurgery and radiotherapy emerging as the two favored modalities of treatment. Although the role of Open partial conservative surgery has reduced but there are still some specific indications. The preference of one modality over another has generated lot of debate and continues to be controversial. As the survival outcomes are similar in all the modalities, we need to consider factors like professional needs, quality of life, vocal function and cost-effectiveness as regards the modality to be preferred. This manuscript aims at comprehensive overview of the contemporary literature comparing all the treatment modalities.