Introduction. “Dens invaginatus” is a dental anomaly which originates from the invagination of the ameloblastic epithelium into the lingual surface of the dental crown during the odontogenesis. It can cause early pulpal necrosis, abscesses, retention or dislocation of contiguous elements, cysts, and internal resorptions. It normally affects the upper lateral incisors. In the following study the authors will discuss the etiology, the physiopathology, and the surgical-orthodontic management of a rare case of impacted canine associated with dens invaginatus and follicular cyst, with the aim of highlighting the importance of taking any therapeutic decision based on the data available in the literature. Case Report. The present study describes a combined surgical-orthodontic treatment of an impacted canine associated with a lateral incisor (2.2) suffering from type III dens invaginatus with radicular cyst, in a 15-year-old patient. Discussion. When treating a dens invaginatus there are different therapeutic solutions: they depend on the gravity of the anomaly and on the association with the retention of a permanent tooth. The aesthetic and functional restoration becomes extremely important when performing a surgical-orthodontic repositioning.

According to the literature, interproximal enamel reduction (IER) has become a consolidated technique used in orthodontic treatments to gain space in particular situations such as dental crowding, non-extractive therapies, tooth-size discrepancies, and prevention of dental relapse. There are different methods to realize stripping, and enamel surfaces resulting after this procedure can be analyzed with SEM. The aim of this study was to analyze how different devices of IER leave the surface of the teeth. One hundred and sixty freshly extracted, intact human lower incisors were included in the study, fixed in a plaster support, and then processed with four different techniques of enamel reduction and finishing. Then, they were divided randomly into eight groups (A1–A2, B1–B2, C1–C2, D, and E), each containing twenty teeth. The A, B, and C groups were divided into two subgroups and then all the teeth were observed at SEM. Each digital image acquired by SEM showed that there were streaks on the surfaces, due to the cutter used. The results of this study showed that only group C2 (tungsten carbide bur followed by twelve steps of medium–fine–ultrafine 3M Soft Lex disks) has a few line, which is very similar to group E (untreated group), while the other groups have a lot of lines and show a rougher final surface.

Dental fluorosis is an irreversible defect in dental enamel caused by long-term undesired fluoride intake during tooth formation. The clinical manifestations may range from white spots to dark brown areas, which can initially represent only an aesthetic problem, but they can also lead to functional problems—in severe cases, pitting and fractures can occur. The aim of this cross-sectional study in a cluster of 215 Kenyan adolescents was to evaluate oral health status—especially with respect to fluorosis and dental caries risk factors—in the Nairobi suburbs. Clinical data were recorded using DMFT and TF indices in accordance with the WHO standards. A multivariate model with logistic regression was carried out. In total, 36.7% of individuals presented carious lesions. The DMFT index was 0.87 in the total sample. Around 78.6% were affected by mild-to-severe forms of fluorosis. Statistically significant associations were found between the presence of caries and consuming sweets during (OR = 3.9) and between meals (OR = 3.6), consuming soft drinks during (OR = 2.8) and between meals (OR = 4.3), tooth-brushing frequency (OR = 2.8), use of toothbrush and toothpaste (OR = 3.8), presence of bleeding (OR = 10.2), and calculus (OR = 12.1). It is critical to give people sufficient knowledge and to educate the communities to mobilize the implementation of preventive measures, such as reducing fluoride ingestion and paying attention to the dangers of drinking untreated water, in order to develop strategies to ensure equitable access to medical services and promote oral prevention programs to significantly reduce the impact of oral diseases.