As the hole transport layer (HTL) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) has been attracting great interest due to its low‐cost, thermal stability, oxygen impermeability, and strong hydrophobicity. In this work, a new doping strategy is developed for P3HT as the HTL in triple‐cation/double‐halide ((FA1−x−yMAxCsy)Pb(I1−xBrx)3) mesoscopic PSCs. Photovoltaic performance and stability of solar cells show remarkable enhancement using a composition of three dopants Li‐TFSI, TBP, and Co(III)‐TFSI reaching power conversion efficiencies of 19.25% on 0.1 cm2 active area, 16.29% on 1 cm2 active area, and 13.3% on a 43 cm2 active area module without using any additional absorber layer or any interlayer at the PSK/P3HT interface. The results illustrate the positive effect of a cobalt dopant on the band structure of perovskite/P3HT interfaces leading to improved hole extraction and a decrease of trap‐assisted recombination. Non‐encapsulated large area devices show promising air stability through keeping more than 80% of initial efficiency after 1500 h in atmospheric conditions (relative humidity ≈ 60%, r.t.), whereas encapsulated devices show more than >500 h at 85 °C thermal stability (>80%) and 100 h stability against continuous light soaking (>90%). The boosted efficiency and the improved stability make P3HT a good candidate for low‐cost large‐scale PSCs.
Recognition of enantiomers
is one of the most arduous challenges
in chemical sensor development. Although several chiral systems exist,
their effective exploitation as the sensitive layer in chemical sensors
is hampered by several practical implications that hinder stereoselective
recognition in solid state. In this paper, we report a new methodology
to efficiently prepare chiral solid films, by using a hybrid material
approach where chiral porphyrin derivatives are grafted onto zinc
oxide nanoparticles. Circular dichroism (CD) evidences that the solid-state
film of the material retains supramolecular chirality due to porphyrin
interactions, besides an additional CD feature in correspondence of
the absorbance of ZnO (375 nm), suggesting the induction of chirality
in the underlying zinc oxide nanoparticles. The capability of hybrid
material to detect and recognize vapors of enantiomer pairs was evaluated
by fabricating gas sensors based on quartz microbalances. Chiral films
of porphyrin on its own were used for comparison. The sensor based
on functionalized nanostructures presented a remarkable stereoselectivity
in the recognition of limonene enantiomers, whose ability to intercalate
in the porphyrin layers makes this terpene an optimal chiral probe.
The chiroptical and stereoselective properties of the hybrid material
confirm that the use of porphyrin-capped ZnO nanostructures is
a viable route for the formation of chiral selective surfaces.
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