Peripheral benign nerve sheath tumours are infrequent tumours and affect major nerve trunks. Some authors have indicated a high and prohibitive incidence of neurological injury in resection of these lesions. The authors describe their findings in a retrospective study comprising 119 patients with spontaneous benign nerve sheath tumours of the peripheral nervous system. Seventy-three patients had a schwannoma, 41 had neurofibroma and 5 had plexiform neurofibroma; 25 of the 119 patients suffered from neurofibromatosis. All schwannomas were excised completely and the outcome of patients was 41.0% improved, 6.8% worsened, 52.0% unchanged. Twenty-eight neurofibromas were excised completely and 13 subtotally; the outcome for patients was 19.5% improved, 19.5% worsened and 61% unchanged. All plexiform neurofibromas were removed subtotally and the outcome for patients was 20% improved and 80% unchanged. The best surgical results at average follow-up of 6 years were observed in the patients with schwannoma, the worst in those with plexiform neurofibroma. Our results demonstrated that it is often possible to remove schwannomas as well as neurofibromas with an acceptable risk of injury to the nerve.

Using a representative panel of manufacturing firms, we estimate the response of job and hours worked to currency swings, showing that it depends primarily on the firm's exposure to foreign sales and its reliance on imported inputs. Further, we show that, for given international orientation, the response to exchange rate fluctuations is magnified when firms exhibit a lower monopoly power and when they face foreign pressure in the domestic market through import penetration. The degree of substitutability between imported and other inputs and the distribution of workers by type introduce additional degrees of specificity in the employment sensitivity to exchange rate swings. Further, wage adjustments are also shown to provide a channel through which firms react to currency shocks. Finally, gross job flows within the firm are found to depend on exchange rate fluctuations, although the effect on job creation is predominant.JEL classifications: E24; F16; F31.

No abstract

In recent years, internal migration in Italy has declined markedly, notwithstanding the widening of the North-South gap in terms of unemployment rates and real income. Here, the extent to which the housing market has contributed to the decline is examined. Preliminary to this analysis, differentials in the cost of housing between the macro-areas of the country are estimated using data on the market price of houses located in 96 provincial capitals. Econometric evidence is provided supporting the view that the North-South housing price differential is a notable factor in explaining the falling pattern of mobility. The positive impact on migration from the South to the North of a wider gap in the two areas in terms of income and employment prospects has been offset by the housing price differential, which has steadily risen at least from the mid-1980s onwards. Yet, a considerable share of the decrease in mobility remains unexplained, possibly owing to the heterogeneity in the composition of migration flows across different cohorts.

We report two cases of peroneal nerve compression caused by an intraneural synovial cyst and discuss the pathogenesis. clinical and electrophysiological diagnosis, and treatment of these uncommon lesions in the light of the salient published work on the subject.