(recebido: 1 de março de 2010; aceito: 22 de agosto de 2011) RESUMO: Devido à necessidade de estudos atuais sobre as Áreas de Preservação Permanentes (APPs) para o município de Alegre-ES, propõem-se, neste estudo, demonstrar como a utilização de Geotecnologias pode ajudar de forma eficaz o mapeamento dessas áreas, auxiliando no entendimento das áreas a serem preservadas no município. O estudo foi realizado em todo o município de Alegre, ES, com o objetivo de elaborar mapas analógicos e digitais do município, com o auxílio de Geotecnologias; delimitar as Áreas de Preservação Permanente na ótica da Legislação Ambiental e ressaltar a importância de identificar as áreas de forma automática para que se possam implantar projetos ambientais que visem a promover ações em busca de um relacionamento sustentável entre homem e ambiente de forma mais eficiente. O município de Alegre possui uma área de 336,39 km² de APPs totais (43,50% da área total do município). A metodologia adotada para delimitação automática das APPs foi eficiente, revelando que as mesmas , ao redor de nascentes (buffer de 50 m), nas encostas com declividade superior a 45 graus, topo de morro (terço superior de morros) e margens dos cursos d'água (buffer de 30 m) representaram respectivamente 9,86 km² (1,27%), 8,99 km² (1,16%), 237,35 km² (30,69%) e 95,11 km² (12,30%) da área total do município.Palavras-chave: APPs, sistema de informação geográfica, legislação ambiental. IDENTIFICATION OF PERMANENT PRESERVATION AREAS IN ALEGRE-ES BY USING GEOTECHNOLOGY ABSTRACT: Due to the need of current studies on the Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) for the county of Alegre -ES, it is proposed in this study to demonstrate how the use of Geotechnologies can help in an effective way to map those areas, helping to understand the areas to be preserved in the county. The study was accomplished in the whole county of Alegre -ES which objectives were: a) to elaborate analogical and digital maps of the county, with the aid of Geotechnologies; b) to delimit the Areas of Permanent Preservation in the optics of the Environmental Legislation and c) to emphasize the importance of identifying the areas in an automatic way so that it can implant environmental projects that seek to promote actions in search of a maintainable relationship between man and environment in a more efficient way. The county of Alegre has an area of 336,39 km² of APPs (43,50% of the total area of the county). The methodology for automatic delimitation of APPs was efficient, indicating that the same, around of spring (buffer of 50 m), in the hillsides INTRODUÇÃOOs problemas relacionados ao ambiente e seu futuro vêm sendo abordados constantemente visando à necessidade de se preservar os recursos naturais como um todo, pois estes são as riquezas básicas de uma nação e não se pode compreender que o seu desenvolvimento e progresso sejam obtidos à custa de sua dilapidação ou do seu mau uso (BERTONI; LOMBARDI NETO, citados por LOUZADA, 2008).As Áreas de Preservação Permanentes (APPs) atualmente estão submetidas...
The Climatic Water Balance (CLIMWB) is very used in the climatic characterization and can also offer important contribution in the identification of the water demand for irrigation of a region. For this, reliable precipitation data with good spatial coverage is required. The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite -TRMM-3B43-v7 is a partnership between NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and Japan's Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), which estimates rainfall data for the tropics region. The aim of this study is to evaluate the CLIMWB obtained by the Thornthwaite & Mather method (1955), with estimated rainfall data with the 3B43 product versus those generated with rainfall data and to map pixel-by-pixel water availability with good spatial coverage for the Doce River basin, located in the Atlantic Hydrographic Region, Southeastern Brazil, between the states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo. The CLIMWB variables generated with 3B43, together with the precipitation, showed a good correlation with those fed with surface rainfall data. The largest differences between the two datasets were found in some stations in the southeast and northeast of the basin. The CLIMWB variables presented a good correlation, with the best water excess (0.94), followed by water deficit (0.88), water availability (0.84) and real evapotranspiration (0.82). With TRMM -3B43, we can characterize the CLIMWB in a similar way to that obtained with data observed by the gauges, providing much more extensive coverage. The use of the TRMM -3B43 precipitation data allows a consistent characterization of the regional water availability, contributing to the agricultural planning and management, mainly to fill the gaps left due to the absence of rain gauges and to possible failures in the rain gauges' data series.
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