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A rapid transition from CCFL to LED backlighting is taking place for the LCD TVs. An overview is given on the technical, market, and regulatory forces behind this transition. Various backlighting approaches are discussed including direct-, edge-and tile type backlighting, phosphor conversion LEDs versus red, green, and blue LEDs, efficiency and color gamut trade-offs. The way from four edge backlights to single edge backlight is shown and the features of a premium phosphor for backlights are described. Methods for further improvement of image quality and total system power efficiency are also discussed.

A common failure mode such as a faulty single full column in an SRAM can be caused by a wide range of defect types at various locations. Fault isolation by thorough electrical analysis and circuit behavior understanding is needed to precisely pinpoint the defect minimizing the destructive physical analysis. This case study shows the process and the techniques used to identify a nanometer scale poly defect.

LEDs bring a new dimension to LCD screens in cockpit applications.