Existe una clara tendencia en la industria del transporte para la reducción de peso en los componentes estructurales con el objetivo de mejorar la eficiencia del consumo energético. Los materiales utilizados para este propósito son aleaciones de aluminio y magnesio; pero al utilizar el método de soldadura por fusión, las juntas presentan bajas propiedades mecánicas en comparación con el material base. La soldadura por fricción es una alternativa para unir en estado sólido estos materiales y ha mostrado una buena compatibilidad y alta eficiencia. El objetivo de este trabajo es el análisis del efecto de la velocidad de soldadura sobre la resistencia mecánica de las juntas para la aleación de aluminio 6061 T6 soldadas por FSW. Del estudio se obtiene curvas de resistencia a la tracción, doblado guiado y dureza en la soldadura mostrando un mejor comportamiento en probetas unidas a mayor velocidad de rotación de la herramienta.

Nowadays, the fire behavior of polymer composite materials is a concern in automotive applications. Due to the flammability of this type of compounds, the present study focused on analyzing the influence of the flame retardants of aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide on the flammability index. A DOE was carried out using a complete factorial design using two categorical variables (type of resin and type of retardant at two levels) and one quantitative variable (volumetric percentage of the retarder for 3 levels). Twelve combinations of composite material were manually conformed maintaining the general volumetric fraction (30% reinforcement, 70% polymer matrix). Percentages of retardants (3.6 and 9%) were part of the volumetric composition of the matrix. The performance and evaluation of the flammability test was carried out under ISO 3795: 1989 and FMVSS 302. In addition, the average temperature inside the test chamber was measured to observe its behavior during combustion. The results showed that the flammability index was significantly reduced with the use of polyester resin with retarder aluminum hydroxide at any percentage and the highest temperature inside the chamber was produced by the combustion of the epoxy resin with 9% retardant of flame.

The investigation of new materials that have properties such as resistance to high temperatures, wear resistance, rigidity, and low weight, involves the use of technological processes with more and more advantages. For this purpose, mechanical alloying is a widely used technique, which consist of high-energy impact between balls inside a container, where constant collisions deform and fracture the material, achieving the alloy of the particles in a solid state. This work focuses on the Vickers hardness evaluation of the copper matrix alloy with 4% Pb, 4% Sn and 4% Zn, in an oxidizing atmosphere, sintered at 800 °C and 900 °C, using milling times of 3 hours, 6 hours and 9 hours. The results show that there is a relationship between the hardness obtained, in the two groups of specimens at 800 ° C and 900 ° C, with the grinding time and the sintering temperature, among others used in the process. An average maximum hardness of 53.4 HV was obtained.

Finite element analysis is used to estimate the displacements and forces present in each element of a structure. This type of analysis is time consuming in pre-processing, processing, and post-processing. It also incurs considerable computational costs. A simplified methodology is therefore required to reduce design time considerably. The research involved the development and application of an experimental methodology and a simulation, using Ansys Research software’s LS-DYNA module, in which loads are applied in accordance with the ANSI/TIA 222-G standard used in the telecommunications industry. The matrix method was applied, obtaining results for nodal displacement that were compared with the results of physical tests and a metamodel, showing a variation range of 8.44%. In addition, it was shown that a metamodel can be used during the pre-design stage, significantly reducing the time required for analysis.