This investigation focuses on the design and formulation of the Brazilian Amazon Fund—perhaps the boldest REDD+ oriented initiative to date. Study draws its hypothesis from the understanding that the Amazon Fund operated until recently based on a nuanced integration of two current trends in environmental governance: (i) institutionalization of ecological modernization theories and (ii) establishment of multilevel, multi‐stakeholder governance. To visualize such integration, this work deploys discourse analysis and text‐mining techniques to the Amazon Fund's policy documents. Overall findings suggest the ecological modernization agenda is predominant within the Amazon Fund. The following discussion articulates with environmental studies' critical scholarship to debate the dominance of ecological modernism as it is claimed to inherently narrow the scope of perspectives, knowledge, and values integrated into sustainability policies. Whereas the opposite should occur, considering multi‐stakeholder environmental governance mechanisms propose to incorporate a plurality of legitimate perspectives and knowledge basis. In these terms, innovative approaches that envision “win‐win” solutions for environmental policy may eventually rest in endorsing alternative framings about nature and society that move away from the constrained paradigms of efficiency within ecological modernization theories and discourse. The relevance of this work lays in the debate that acknowledges the importance of driving environmental governance mechanisms in tropical developing countries to new viable alternatives. In broader terms, the importance of this debate emerges in the proposal of changes that move government, business, and civil society away from usual policies (and interests) underpinning policies for land use and the forest sector.
Os efluentes líquidos e os resíduos sólidos de curtumes são responsáveis por grande parte da poluição provocada pelo lançamento de metais pesados nos rios que compõe a Bacia do Vale do Rio dos Sinos.Hoje em dia, grande parte dos resíduos sólidos está sendo reciclada, mas ainda longe de ser uma solução definitiva para o problema. Devido a isso, este trabalho teve como objetivo principal estudar a viabilidade da disposição das serragens de couros "wet blue" e das aparas de couros acabados e semiacabados excedentes em células de aterro sanitário, levando em consideração os prováveis efeitos atenuadores da matéria orgânica sobre os metais pesados presentes, com ênfase ao cromo. Como objetivos complementares, analisou-se os percolados gerados em lisímetros (simulação de disposição inadequada no solo) e o comportamento dos resíduos frente condições agressivas de temperatura e pH ("aquários").Os resultados finais comprovam os riscos de contaminação quando os resíduos industriais em questão são dispostos em locais tecnicamente inadequados ("lixões") e a possibilidade de se tratar os mesmos em aterros sanitários utilizando-se a codisposição com a matéria orgânica.Palavras-chave: resíduos sólidos; aterros sanitários.
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