We present primary results from the Sequencing Quality Control (SEQC) project, coordinated by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Examining Illumina HiSeq, Life Technologies SOLiD and Roche 454 platforms at multiple laboratory sites using reference RNA samples with built-in controls, we assess RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) performance for junction discovery and differential expression profiling and compare it to microarray and quantitative PCR (qPCR) data using complementary metrics. At all sequencing depths, we discover unannotated exon-exon junctions, with >80% validated by qPCR. We find that measurements of relative expression are accurate and reproducible across sites and platforms if specific filters are used. In contrast, RNA-seq and microarrays do not provide accurate absolute measurements, and gene-specific biases are observed, for these and qPCR. Measurement performance depends on the platform and data analysis pipeline, and variation is large for transcript-level profiling. The complete SEQC data sets, comprising >100 billion reads (10Tb), provide unique resources for evaluating RNA-seq analyses for clinical and regulatory settings.

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We prove that a complete embedded maximal surface in L 3 with a finite number of singularities is an entire maximal graph with conelike singularities over any spacelike plane, and so, it is asymptotic to a spacelike plane or a half catenoid.We show that the moduli space Gn of entire maximal graphs over {x3 = 0} in L 3 with n + 1 ≥ 2 singular points and vertical limit normal vector at infinity is a 3n + 4-dimensional differentiable manifold. The convergence in Gn means the one of conformal structures and Weierstrass data, and it is equivalent to the uniform convergence of graphs on compact subsets of {x3 = 0}. Moreover, the position of the singular points in R 3 and the logarithmic growth at infinity can be used as global analytical coordinates with the same underlying topology. We also introduce the moduli space Mn of marked graphs with n + 1 singular points (a mark in a graph is an ordering of its singularities), which is a (n + 1)-sheeted covering of Gn. We prove that identifying marked graphs differing by translations, rotations about a vertical axis, homotheties or symmetries about a horizontal plane, the corresponding quotient spacê Mn is an analytic manifold of dimension 3n−1. This manifold can be identified with a spinorial bundle Sn associated to the moduli space of Weierstrass data of graphs in Gn. Notations and Preliminary results .Since M is spacelike, then |g| = 1 on M.Remark 2.1 For convenience, we also deal with surfaces M having ∂(M ) = ∅, and in this case, we always suppose that φ 3 and g extend analitically beyond ∂M.Conversely, let M, g and φ 3 be a Riemann surface with possibly non empty boundary, a meromorphic map on M and an holomorphic 1-form φ 3 on M, such that |g(P )| = 1, ∀P ∈ M, and the 1-forms φ j , j = 1, 2, 3 defined as above are holomorphic, have no real periods and have no common zeroes.

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