Friction-induced heat generation, dissipation and the associated rise in temperature are still an intrinsic problem in many fields dealing with granular materials. This work presents preliminary attempts of modelling heat generation and estimating the contact flash temperatures with the use of a theoretical model. To check the robustness of this theoretical model simulations were run in parallel with Finite element method. The maximum contact temperatures obtained from the theoretical model show a good agreement with FEM results. The promising results imply that the simple theoretical model can be used accurately to predict heat generation in granular materials.

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Bladed mixers are widely used for processing granular materials where significant mechanical energy is required to produce the desired blend. Some mechanical energy is dissipated within the granular medium, generating heat during this process. However, our knowledge of the heat generation mechanisms without external thermal loads is still lacking. This study uses an overhead stirrer to mix granular materials and investigate heat generation by monitoring the temperature changes in the granular bed. Additionally, first-order kinetic equations are used to extrapolate the experimental data to a thermal equilibrium where the heat generation and heat loss rates are equal. Lead, steel, and glass particles are used under various operating conditions. It is observed that metallic particles heat up faster owing to their lower heat capacity. Also, increasing the rotation speed, fill ratio and particle size result in a greater temperature increase. Moreover, flat blades induce more heat generation compared to tilted blades.

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