Artichoke leaf extract was studied in human leukocytes for activity against oxidative stress using flow cytometry and dichlorofluorescin diacetate as a fluorescence probe. It produces a concentration-dependent inhibition of oxidative stress when cells are stimulated with agents that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS): hydrogen peroxide, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP). Cynarin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, and luteolin, constituents of artichoke leaf extract, also show a concentration-dependent inhibitory activity in the above models, contributing to the antioxidant activity of the extract in human neutrophils.

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Treatment of KS 2 P(OC 6 H 4 ) 2 (1) with five n-alkyl halides afforded the stable n-alkyldithiophosphate compounds RS 2 P(OC 6 H 4 ) 2 (2-6). Single crystal X-ray analysis revealed that the PS 2 fragment in 1 displays an isobidentate coordination pattern; compounds 2-4 display a monodentate binding pattern. The crystal packing of title compounds is stabilized by cation-p, weak hydrogen bonding C-H-O, as well as aromatic non-bonded interactions.

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