Na última década, a aplicação da inteligência artificial (IA) teve avanços notáveis, em todas as áreas do conhecimento. Diversas soluções tecnológicas baseadas em IA têm sido propostas na área médica, buscando tornar o diagnóstico e o tratamento cada vez mais assertivos e seguros. O número de artigos publicados cresce vertiginosamente, e a maioria reporta estudos iniciais, provas de conceito, mas vários já têm demonstrado aplicações clínicas estruturadas. Os profissionais da saúde devem, portanto, assumir um papel de liderança na decisão de onde aplicar e como interpretar essa tecnologia. Este artigo apresenta conceitos básicos de IA, aprendizado de máquina (machine learning), aprendizado profundo ( deep learning ), redes neurais em Medicina e biomarcadores vocais.

ObjectiveTo present the results of a new experimental device developed to facilitate the transapical access in endovascular treatment of structural heart diseases. It aims to reduce the risk of bleeding and complications in this type of access and demonstrate the device as a safe, fast and effective alternative.MethodsCorPoint is composed of three parts: introducer, base with coiled spring, and closing capsule. By rotating movements, the spring is introduced into the myocardium and progressively approaches the base to the surface of the heart. Guidewires and catheters are inserted through the hollow central part and, at the end of the procedure, the capsule is screwed over the base, therefore stopping any bleeding.ResultsThe device was implanted in 15 pigs, weighing 60 kg each, through an anterolateral thoracotomy, while catheters were introduced and guided by fluoroscopy. All animals had minimal bleeding; introducers with diameter up to 22 Fr were used and various catheters and guidewires were easily handled. After finishing the procedure, the closing capsule was attached and no bleeding was observed at the site.ConclusionThis new device has proved effective, fast and secure for the transapical access. This shows great potential for use, especially by ensuring an easier and direct access to the mitral and aortic valves; the shortest distance to be traveled by catheters; access to the ascending and descending aorta; decreased bleeding complications; decreased surgical time; and the possibility of allowing the technique to evolve and become totally percutaneous.