Abstract-Distributed systems often use a form of communication middleware to cope with different forms of heterogeneity, including geographical spreading of the components, different programming languages and platform architectures, etc. The middleware will, of course, impact the architecture and the performance of the system. This paper presents a model transformation framework to automatically include the architectural impact and the overhead incurred by using a middleware layer between several system components. Using this framework, architects can model the system in a middleware-independent fashion. Accurate, middlewareaware models can then be obtained automatically using a middleware model repository. The actual transformation algorithm will be presented in more detail. The resulting models can be used to obtain performance models of the system. From those performance models, early indications of the system performance can be extracted.

People use an increasing number of consumer electronic devices to access their mobile apps. To enhance the applications' immersive user experience, these devices often expose APIs for accessing a wide array of sensors and domainspecific capabilities. Existing mobile application environments, however, only provide limited support for cross-device access of such APIs. To address this limitation, the Webinos platform was designed. Webinos is a virtualized Web-based application platform, aiming to support the collaboration of multiple devices within a single mobile application. In this paper we elaborate on the Webinos platform design. We discuss the encountered design challenges regarding portability, scalability, and privacy, and how these were mitigated.

The most common approach for the manufacture of oligonucleotides includes isolation of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) via lyophilization to provide a solid product, which is then dissolved to provide an aqueous formulation. It is well known from the development and manufacture of large molecules (“biologics”) that API production does not always require isolation of solid API before drug product formulation, and this article provides technical considerations for the analogous use of oligonucleotide API in solution. The primary factor considered is solution stability, and additional factors such as viscosity, concentration, end-to-end manufacturing, microbiological control, packaging, and storage are also discussed. The technical considerations discussed in this article will aid the careful evaluation of the relative advantages and disadvantages of solution versus powder API for a given oligonucleotide drug substance.

The market for personal computing devices is rapidly expanding from PC, to mobile, home entertainment systems, and even the automotive industry. When developing software targeting such ubiquitous devices, the balance between development costs and market coverage has turned out to be a challenging issue. With the rise of Web technology and the Internet of things, ubiquitous applications have become a reality. Nonetheless, the diversity of presentation and interaction modalities still drastically limit the number of targetable devices and the accessibility toward end users. This paper presents webinos, a multidevice application middleware platform founded on the Future Internet infrastructure. Hereto, the platform's architectural modifiability considerations are described and evaluated as a generic enabler for supporting applications, which are executed in ubiquitous computing environments.