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The Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale was administered to 44 infants (11 preterms; 12 full terms in intensive care; 8 healthy full terms, with prolonged hospitalization as a function of maternal illness; and 13 healthy control infants). Performance on interactive and motoric processes was poorer for the two groups of infants with perinatal illness (i.e., preterms and full terms in intensive care). Performance on state organization was poorer for the three groups with prolonged hospitalization (i.e., preterm, sick full term in intensive care, and healthy full term with sick mothers). A possible interpretation of these data is that behavioral problems commonly observed in preterm infants may be attributed more to illness and other factors related to illness than to prematurity per se.

Studied whether any differential effects of anxiety and depression could be discerned in the anagram performance, ratings of cognitive interference, and subjective evaluation of anagram performance displayed by college students. Seventy‐two undergraduates (36 male, 36 female) were selected to participate in the present experiment on the basis of their scores on the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (A‐Trait) and/or the Beck Depression Inventory. Results showed that depressed‐anxious and anxious Ss displayed a tendency toward reduced efficiency in anagram solution, rated themselves as having experienced significantly more cognitive interference during the anagram task, and displayed a significantly more negative subjective evaluation of their anagram performance than did control Ss. Quasi‐F analyses revealed that these results were related significantly to the anxiety factor common to both depressed‐anxious and anxious Ss. Implications of these results for future research on anxiety and depression were discussed.