During vegetation, soil, and water sampling conducted in 1995, we were unable to confirm previous reports that the Bilibino Nuclear Power Station in the Russian Far East is a significant source of anthropogenic radioactivity to the surrounding region. A localized area of radionuclide contamination was observed for at least 400 m downstream of an effluent discharge point into a small stream, underlain by permafrost, which drains the area surrounding the power plant. It appears likely that the localized contamination observed is the result of poor drainage and the lack of adequate mixing of the discharge, rather than radionuclide discharges that are abnormally high. Radionuclides such as Co and 5 Mn that are associated with nuclear energy generation also were detected on upland vegetation 1 We thank Andrew Reed and Scott Dolvin for assistance in field and laboratory sample processing. The District Governor of Bilibino, Anatoliy Fyodorovich Simonov, and the Deputy Governor, Galina Yevdokimova, extended very helpful assistance during our stay in Bilibino. Alexander L. Kononovich of the All-Russia Research Institute of Nuclear Power Stations provided assistance in obtaining permission to collect samples in the vicinity of the power plant. We also are very thankful for information on the power plant operations provided