No abstract

The paper focuses on legal obstacles affecting freedom to conduct a business in the Slovak Republic. It points out the freedom to conduct a business with regards to the Slovak and European perspective and compares it with the legal conditions laid down for starting a business pursuant to the Slovak legal regulation. The analysis especially orientates to define general conditions for natural persons and legal persons to be met in order to start a business, but also to describe special conditions, i.e. the requirements for qualification. The paper focuses on all persons who want to conduct a business in the Slovak Republic. Since the freedom to conduct a business is not necessarily related to citizenship, the paper analyses conditions laid to aliens. The general conditions to conduct a business are: a minimum age, a full legal capacity, and integrity of natural persons or representatives of legal persons. The obstacles to conduct a business are shown through analysis related to the main legislative problems and the article is giving several proposals for more business friendly legal regulation.

The political and economic relations between Slovakia and Austria reflect the geographical situation in Central Europe, the change in the political climate after 1989 and, finally, the establishment of the Slovak Republic and its successful efforts to join Euro-Atlantic structures and the European Union. Subsequently, entry into the Schengen area and the European Monetary Union. We focus on some aspects of mutual cooperation between two long-standing neighboring states from the point of view of the theoretical basis of international political and economic cooperation. The aim of the case study is to analyze the successes of international cooperation between Austria and Slovakia, to identify open issues in bilateral relations between Slovakia and Austria, and to predict trends in the coming period. The ambition of this study is also to highlight areas that can be considered key to bilateral cooperation. International cooperation is a very broad field in which general and specific scientific methods can be used. Given the type of study, we decided to use selected general scientific methods, which we adapted to the specifics of examining economic relations between countries. Based on the results, we can say that the possibilities of economic cooperation between Austria and Slovakia are far from exhausted. Joint projects in the field of transport and energy infrastructure, energy security and diversification of energy sources are several examples where cooperation lasts for several years and has a perspective for the future. The increase in cooperation is in the field of foreign trade, in the field of foreign investment, but also in the growing level of services, including the increase in cooperation in the field of tourism. Since its inception, Slovakia has become an important trading partner of Austria, with trade with Austria catching up with trade Slovakia with traditional partners -with neighbors (Poland, Hungary).

The aim of this paper is to analyze the European Union budget and its sources of income. Characterized headings of the EU budget, which reflect the priorities set for the seven-year period (2014-2020). In addition, it is also about budgeting under the fiscal policy. In the following section, we describe in detail the structure of income and expenditure in general terms. Finally, we pay attention to the structure of the payments and commitments for the financial year 2018 and 2019 as well as the funding of priority areas of the EU budget

Publikace neprošla jazykovou úpravou. / Publication is not a subject of language check. Za správnost obsahu a originalitu výzkumu zodpovídají autoři. / Authors are fully responsible for the content and originality of the articles.