Hollow Glass Microspheres are high-strength, low-density additives made from water resistant and chemically-stable soda-lime-borosilicate glass. These hollow glass microspheres offer a variety of advantages over conventional irregularly-shaped mineral fillers or glass fiber. Their spherical shape helps reduce resin content in a variety of applications. They also create a ball bearing effect that can result in higher filler loading and improved flow. In this research, amine terminated hollow glass microspheres were prepared by adopting three different routes. The results were investigated using FT-IR and SEM to establish the formation of amine groups and observe the morphological structure of the modified HGMs. The results obtained were used to select a suitable less toxic and environmental friendly modification method based on the chemicals used.
To modify the properties of poly(hexamethylene oxamide) (PA62), amine-terminated polyoxypropylene glycols (PGs) were introduced into the polyoxamide main chain as soft segments. A series of PA62/PG2 copolymers were synthesized successfully by a two-step method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solution proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-NMR), differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the structures and to investigate the properties of these copolymers. The saturated water absorption was also evaluated by gravimetric analysis for PA62/PG2 copolymers. The results revealed the incorporation of PG2 effectively modified the properties of PA62 and the copolymers with PG2 content of 10-20 mol% possessed high melting point (2938C-3148C), good thermal stability and low saturated water absorption. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 00:000-000, 2017.T 5 : the decomposition temperature corresponding to 5% mass loss. b T 50 : the decomposition temperature corresponding to 50% mass loss. c T max : the decomposition temperature corresponding to the maximum mass loss rate.
To modify the properties of poly (hexamethylene oxamide) (PA62), m-xylylene diamine (MXD) was introduced into the polyamide main chain. A series of high molecular weight PA62/MXD2 were synthesized via a two-step method. The chemical structure of polymer was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the results confirmed the formation of PA62/MXD2. DSC test showed that the T m of the copolymers were decreased as the molar contents of MXD in the range of 10 to 50 mol %. TGA analysis revealed that the thermal stability of the copolymers compared well with commercial PA6. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction studies suggested the copolymers with MXD content of 0 to 10 mol % possessed high crystallinity. The water uptake measurements were monitored, and the saturated water absorptions were found to be lower than 2.5 wt %. These properties gave them a competitive edge for application where precise dimensional stability and high thermal resistanceproperties are required.
A novel bio-based polyamide, poly(pentamethylene oxamide) (PA52), with high molecular weight has been prepared from dibutyl oxalate and renewable monomer of 1,5-pentanediamine by a two-step polymerization procedure. The chemical structures are analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy while the properties are evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and water uptake measurements for the obtained PA52. The results reveal that PA52 possesses distinguished properties such as high temperature resistance, excellent crystallizability and low water absorption. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 58:659-664,
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