The fruit of Randia monantha is traditionally and empirically used in the preparation of a beverage as antivenom and for the treatment of various diseases, but to date there is little scientific evidence regarding its antimicrobiological properties and toxicity. The objective of this study was to evaluar the effect of the administration of the aqueous extract of the Randia monantha pulp on acute toxicity in male Wistar rats and evaluate antimicrobial activity at different concentrations against pathogenic bacteria. The results of acute oral toxicity revealed no deaths in doses up to 5000 mg / kg body weight. The experimental animals showed no significant changes in the weight and behavior parameters evaluated with respect to the control treatment. Rats did not show significant changes in the hematological parameters, but dosis of 5000 mg/kg body weight rats exhibited the appearance of yellow spots on kidney. The aqueous extract did not show antimicrobial activity against test pathogenic bacteria. These results suggest that the aqueous extract of the Randia monantha fruit can be used with some degree of safety by oral administration but should not be taken in high doses.