Digestive proteases were partially characterized in sheepshead juveniles, using biochemical and electrophoretic techniques. Results showed higher activity level of the stomach proteases (2.39 ± 0.02 U mg protein-1) compared to the intestinal proteases (1.6 ± 0.1 U mg protein-1). The activity of trypsin, chymotrypsin, leucine aminopeptidase and carboxypeptidase A was also recorded. The optimum temperature of the stomach proteases was recorded at 45 °C, while for intestinal proteases was recorded at 55 °C. Stomach proteases showed less stability to temperature changes than intestinal proteases. An optimum pH of 2 was recorded for stomach proteases with high stability under acidic conditions, while an optimum pH of 9 was recorded for intestinal proteases showing high stability under alkaline conditions. Stomach proteases were inhibited around 78% with Pepstatin A, indicating the presence of pepsin as the main protease. The stomach proteases zymogam revealed one active band with Rf of 0.49, this enzyme was completely inhibited by Pepstatin A. The intestinal proteases zymogram revealed four active proteases (51.3, 34.9, 27.8 and 21.2 kDa) that were inhibited by TLCK, which mainly represent a trypsin-like serine proteases. It can be conclude that digestion in sheepshead can be considered as a carnivorous species with an omnivorous tendency.
Artículo cientíco recibido: 18 de enero de 2018 aceptado: 02 de junio de 2018 RESUMEN. El sargo (Archosargus probatocephalus) es una especie prioritaria para el desarrollo de la maricultura en el sureste mexicano. El objetivo del estudio fue reproducir en cautiverio dos lotes de sargos, uno en cautiverio por 12 meses y otro de reproductores silvestres. El lote en cautiverio se formó por 36 organismos, en un sistema de recirculación de agua con salinidad de 10 psu, a los que se les determinó el incremento en longitud y peso cada mes, además se promovió la madurez sexual incrementando de forma gradual la salinidad del sistema hasta 35 psu, para luego inducir el desove con una inyección intramuscular de 500 UI kg −1 de hormona gonadotropina coriónica y sérica. Por otra parte, se colectaron 15 reproductores silvestres de la laguna de Alvarado Veracruz, induciéndolos al desove de la misma forma. El incremento promedio en longitud de los organismos acondicionados al cautiverio fue de 0.064 ± 0.02 cm d −1 con peso promedio de 1.97 ± 0.4 g d −1 , madurando sexualmente en el mes de enero. Ambos lotes desovaron, los huevos obtenidos tuvieron un diámetro promedio de 817.3 ± 20.9 µm, volumen del saco vitelino promedio de 243 ± 11 nL, diámetro promedio de la gota de aceite de 203.5 ± 16.5 µm y longitud notocordal promedio de los eleuteroembriones de 1.65 ± 0.25 mm. Es posible lograr la maduración en cautiverio del sargo, así como, obtener larvas de calidad a partir de la inducción de reproductores en cautiverio y silvestres en la época reproductiva.
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