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The contention of this article is that some cultural emphases shift in response to changing socio-economic realities, in order to serve specific socio-economic interests. This paper examines, through the prism of the cultural activities and ideologies of some Beiruti merchants, their contribution to the process of the Arabic nahḍ a, enlarging on their conceptual endowment to the process of modernization. The paper sheds new light on several aspects of the merchants' cultural contribution by emphasizing the strong link they forged between culture and economy, focusing on the merchants' activities and writings, especially those of Salīm Bustrus, here presented as a case study.Nous proposons dans cet article que certains choix culturels apparaissent en réponse aux changements socio-économiques et afin de servir des intérêts spécifiques. La contribution de marchands beyrouthins à la nahḍ a arabe -et notamment leur apport conceptuel au processus de modernisation -est examinée à travers le prisme de leurs activités culturelles et de leur pensée. Cet article apporte un éclairage nouveau sur plusieurs aspects de l'apport culturel des marchands, en soulignant les liens durables qu'ils surent tisser entre la culture et l'économie. Les activités et les écrits de ces marchands sont analysés, tout particulière-ment ceux de Salīm Bustrus, qui font ici l'objet d'une étude de cas.

This article sheds light on Muḥammad Jamīl Bayhum’s (1887–1978) activities and vision, and his historiographical writings on women which have received little scholarly attention. In this respect it is not a comparative study of Bayhum’s interpretations or the historical reality of women’s lives but rather a re-assessment of Bayhum’s historical oeuvres, and his synthesis of women’s history. The article examines the ways in which Bayhum’s historical writings, which were part of his political and national vision, contributed to constructing a local Muslim and Arab historiography of women during the 20th century. It presents Bayhum as an advocate of women’s social and political rights, who favored the recognition of women as citizens (or their counterpart in modern Lebanese and Arab societies), both during the period of French colonialism and in the post-colonial era.

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