Aim:To analyze the rate of mortality in children with foreign body aspiration (FBA).Methods:We outlined a retrospective review of hospital data of patients between 1971 and 2013. FBA occurring in children 0 year to 14 years was considered for inclusion (patient ages ranged from 0.6 to 15 years, with a median age of 2.2 years). The gender structure within the investigated cases was 75.8% males and 24.2% females. During the study period, 772 patients undergoing rigid bronchoscopy with the diagnosis of FBA were included. Deaths on arrival were excluded.Results:Total rate of mortality (for whole investigated period) was 0.785. For last fifteen years of the investigated period the rate of mortality was zero.Conclusion:For prevention of foreign body aspiration in children and its mortality should be taken two strategies: non-medical (alterations in product design and public education campaigns) and medical (education of medical staff and improvement of equipment).

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Background. Adenotonsillectomy is one of the most common pediatric surgical procedures. Postoperative voice changes are a very common concern among patient's parents. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze acoustic voice parameters after adenotonsillectomy, tonsillectomy, and adenoidectomy in pediatric patients in a tertiary referral academic center. Patients and Methods. All pediatric patients undergoing an adenotonsillectomy, tonsillectomy or adenoidectomy in a single center from 2002 to 2018 were included in the study. Change of fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and harmonic-noise ratio at first, seventh and 30th postoperative day compared to preoperative values were the primary outcome parameters. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures analysis of variance model. Results. A total of 1258 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients at the time of surgery was 8.3 years (range 3.0−18.0 years). Around 698 were male (55.5%) and 560 female (44.5%). The values of fundamental frequency increased significantly after the first and seventh postoperative day (P = 0.001 both) but normalized 1 month after surgery (P = 0.962). At the first postoperative month, values of jitter and shimmer decreased significantly (P = 0.005 and P = 0.002, respectively). Measurements of harmonic-noise ratio revealed a significant increase 30 days after surgery (P = 0.004). Conclusion. Statistically significant differences in objective voice parameters within the first postoperative month after tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, and adenotonsillectomy were observed. The fundamental frequency returned to normal 1 month after surgery. These findings can contribute in soothing the concerns of parents regarding postoperative voice changes.

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of school children with impacted ear wax.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods:</strong> The subjects included representative sample of 1344 seven to ten years old school children attending I-IV grade of primary school in community Kalesija, Bosnia and Herzuegowina. Methods were parental interview and otoscopy.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Three hundred and twenty eight children (24.4%) had ear wax impaction. There were not significant differencies in prevalence of ear wax impaction in boys and girls. Use of cotton-tipped swabs did not caused production of more ear wax.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Routine correct removal of ear wax is recommended because watchfull waiting is possible erroneus and potentially dangerous.</p>